Comentários dos visitantes, perguntas, coleções e Brix Pix Webmaster Nota: Esta área do site cresceu a passo a passo desde 2006, Observe que nosso foco é principalmente no tijolo do Hudson Valley e da Nova Inglaterra. Se você estiver pesquisando tijolos nessas áreas, você encontrará muitas informações sobre o nosso Brick Blog. Você também encontrará as caixas de pesquisa no site úteis (role para baixo na caixa de pesquisa nesta página). Se você está procurando informações sobre tijolos de outras áreas, sugerimos que você dirija suas perguntas a Jim Graves da International Brick Collectors Association (IBCA). Você pode enviá-lo por e-mail para brickcollectorgmail. Jim possui uma extensa coleção de informações históricas e é bibliotecário do IBCA. NOTA: O novo endereço da Web para o IBCA é o ibcabrick. Para visitar nossos arquivos de março de 2006 a 15 de julho de 2008: comece abaixo e continue nas próximas páginas. NOTA: Se você estiver procurando por informações de marca de tijolos, use a Caixa de Pesquisa do Site (abaixo) para ajudar a encontrar a (s) página (s) onde Essa marca é discutida. Pesquisar este site para informações de tijolos: para pesquisar esta página, pressione CTRL-F 1 de janeiro a 15 de julho de 2008 Daniel Polsfuss escreve: Estou fazendo um pequeno documentário sobre um bairro em St. Louis MO chamado Richmond heights. O bairro era formado por trabalhadores da Evans Howard Brick Works. Qualquer idéia de como eu posso tirar fotos de Evans Howard, talvez pessoas que trabalham lá ou em geral pessoas que trabalham em um tijolo a partir do início dos anos 1900. Obrigado. Joshua escreve: eu estava fazendo algum trabalho de jarda e passou a olhar bem na minha janela de amigos. Na janela bem é um tijolo com um nome nele. Parece ser, f. louis f. Oo tar. Com uma cruz de ferro no final. Eu tenho duas boas fotos disso, eu gostaria de enviar. Alguém poderia me dizer algo sobre este tijolo, obrigado antecipadamente Uma resposta de Fred Rieck: Oi Josh, eu só estou olhando para uma foto de um tijolo que parece corresponder ao que você descreve. A nomenclatura lê: ST. LOUIS V F. B. CO STAR. O tijolo pode ser lido como: St Louis Vitrified e Fire Brick Company Do Webmaster Don B .: Encontrado na Web que o St. Louis Vitrified Fire-Brick Co teve uma exposição na História da Louisiana Purchase Exposition AKA the St. Louis Worlds Fair de 1904. (slpl. lib. mo. uslibsrcbennitc. htm) Ann Gibbons: Eu tenho 4 tijolos, fotos das quais pensei que eu gostaria de enviar: NEBCo, Widemire, DB Co. (tem um pouco de argamassa sobre isso) e CB Co (que tem um ponto em vez de regular retangular. Eu coloquei estes em Massachusetts Mills, construído em 1839 em Lowell, Massachusetts, agora abandonado e parcialmente caindo na ruína Eu também tenho fotos do próprio moinho, se isso fosse de interesse. Obrigado. Oi Ann, aspirante a colecionador de tijolos. Cuidado, é atrativo. Em virtude das iniciais do tijolo em sua seleção como um todo. Uma aposta bastante boa que o NEBCO é um produto New England Brick Co. Eles tinham várias plantas na Nova Inglaterra e uma em Mechanicville. NY. O DBCO pode ser o da Duffney Brick Co, também da Mechanicville. Isso é um palpite disso Porque você não mencionou se o seu tijolo tinha um símbolo de polia do varal da roupa entre o B e o C. Se o faz, podemos estar mais certos. Duffney também fez um tijolo arrumado com o símbolo em que a letra D parece uma caixa com cantos quadrados DBCOs com Ds mais comuns também abundam, mas sua identidade é ab É especulativo, para o meu pensamento. O Widemire é provavelmente um tijolo de fogo, se for uma cor off-white ou buff e maior do que o tijolo de construção vermelha em sua coleção. Widemire, de acordo com Karl Gurcke, de Bricks e Brickmaking. É a marca do Harbison-Walker Co. da Pensilvânia e em uso de cerca de 1921 a 1942. O CBCo é bastante provável que o Champlain Brick Co (e novamente) Mechanicville, NY. Quando você menciona o ponto, presumo que você esteja se referindo ao perfil externo (forma) do tijolo. Sem realmente ver o tijolo, eu suspeitava que essa função de tijolos (com outros) poderia ter sido dar ao edifício um aspecto mais decorativo em torno de portas e janelas, por exemplo. - Comentários de Frate Rieck SHERESE: Olá eu amo seu site. Eu moro em lynbrook, ny (Long Island). Eu tenho um tudor de tijolos que foi construído em 1931 com NASSAU BRICK você conhece alguma história sobre esta empresa Os tijolos marcados NASSAU foram fabricados pela Nassau Brick Co. em Farmingdale, (Long Island) Nova York - Fred Rieck Do seu webmaster: A Nassau Brick Company foi originalmente chamada Post Brick. Há algumas coisas que eu encontrei na Web (de bklyn-genealogy-infoLILI. Notable. Requests. html): Através dos esforços de Francis M. Gaynor, Glen Head agora tem um lindo parque memorial de vinte e dois acres, doado para a cidade em 1946 pela Post Brick Company, da qual o Sr. Gaynor é presidente. O Sr. Gaynor continuou seu trabalho nesta empresa como presidente do comitê de memorial park e de construção. Ele nasceu em Filadélfia, Pensilvânia, 27 de outubro de 1894, Francis Gaynor é filho de Hugh e Jane (Pritchard) Gaynor, ambos nativos da Filadélfia. Hugh Gaynor, que morreu em 1909, foi um fabricante de tijolos pelo comércio Jane Gaynor morreu em 1904. Francis M. Gaynor foi educado nas escolas públicas e secundárias da Filadélfia. Depois de frequentar a Temple University por um ano, ele aprendeu com seu tio, James Gaynor, no negócio de fabricação de tijolos na Filadélfia e permaneceu lá até 1917. Com o advento da Primeira Guerra Mundial, o Sr. Gaynor entrou nas forças armadas e por vinte e dois Meses foram atribuídos ao Air Corps em Hazelhurst (agora Roosevelt Field.) Em março de 1919, ele recebeu uma falha honrosa. Ao retornar à vida civil, o Sr. Gaynor se associou ao Jotham Post, um fabricante de tijolos da Glen Head. Aqui, seu trabalho foi tão bem sucedido e seu progresso tão marcado que ele recebeu uma parceria na Post Brick Company em 1924. Quatro anos depois, quando o Sr. Post faleceu, Francis M. Gaynor assumiu a gerência completa da empresa e continuou nessa capacidade Até 1942. Em 1936, a planta atual foi comprada na Farmingdale, o negócio foi re nomeado a Nassau Brick Company, e o Sr. Gaynor ampliou sua equipe gerencial. Townsend B. Pettit, Sr. é vice-presidente e Townsend B. Pettit, Jr. é secretário e tesoureiro. A única empresa do gênero nesta área, a Nassau Brick Company emprega cinquenta e cinco pessoas e tem uma capacidade de fabricação anual de vinte e cinco milhões de tijolos. (A Nassau Brick Company está agora fora do negócio.) De David McTamaney: Wow - ótimo site. Encontrei um tijolo hoje que tem N. I. P. sobre ele, com o N escrito para trás. Alguma idéia da empresa que era. Encontrei o tijolo em Newburgh, NY. De Fred Rieck: NIP é Norton I. Pennock. Ele está listado em um diretório da cidade Poughkeepsie como um fabricante de tijolos em Springdale Ave, Arlington, NY, em 1914. Sua casa estava em South Hamilton. Em uma lista de 1928, NIP está indicado para ser localizado na estrada Van Wagner. Este é o último ano em que o NIP está listado como um fabricante de tijolos. De Don B. Webmaster: há uma foto do N para trás em nosso site nesta página (deslize para baixo). Raynie Skipper escreve: Shaun, estou interessado em um tijolo para comemorar o casamento de Charles e Dis em 1981. Entre em contato com o Webmaster Notas: Shauns post é AQUI Shaun, uma vez que não publiamos endereços de e-mail, você pode contatar Raynie através do nosso Formulário de Contato Amy Escreve: Tenho um tijolo com JJJ nele. Você poderia me ajudar a decifrar sua origem (Heres) uma foto dele: Obrigado pelo seu tempo. Amy, você tem um tijolo Jova. Para muitas informações sobre JJJJova, clique neste link. Obrigado por escrever. --Don B. Webmaster Don - muito obrigado Há 2 indentações incomuns em ambos os lados do JJJ e eu queria saber se você ou outra pessoa pode saber o propósito que isso pode ter servido ou se fosse apenas um estilo decorativo. Há alguma maneira que eu possa tentar descobrir aproximadamente o ano em que este tijolo foi feito. O tijolo foi encontrado em Manhattan, NY, em torno da 30ª rua e da 10ª Avenida. Gostei muito de ler a história sobre Juan Jacinto Jova e também olharei para o Storm King. Seu site é maravilhoso, obrigado novamente, - Olá, Amy, Por que os grandes dents, boa pergunta. Tenho procurado uma resposta definitiva sobre isso por vários anos. A resposta mais popular é que os dentes salvaram a argila do fabricante e tornaram o tijolo um pouco mais leve, economizando no frete. Uma terceira idéia é que os dentes podem permitir que o tijolo cure mais rapidamente e resolva os estresses que podem ser instalados no tijolo quando se seca e é queimado, cozido em termos leigos. Agora, esse dente é um pouco depois ou talvez um experimento. E alguns dos últimos produtores restantes JJJ, BRIGHAM, WBC (Washburn Brothers Company), SSBCO e PM fizeram tijolos como estes. Brigham até usou ambas as estacas quadradas cônicas e as espigas redondas cônicas. Esses cubos de espigas foram inseridos e ferrados em moldes existentes em cima do placque que carregavam as iniciais dos fabricantes. Se você já encontrou um prédio destruído em que esses tijolos abobadados foram usados, você também pode encontrar um tijolo ocasional que só tem um dente ou um dente que é girado ligeiramente em relação ao seu gêmeo, ou você pode ver um orifício de 14 polegadas, onde o É esperado que seja necessário. Porque o cubo de cob peg se quebrou (dividido em dois), deixando o parafuso de montagem preso no molde. Outras idéias. Alguém - Fred Rieck De Ann Gibbons: Tenho 4 tijolos, fotos das quais pensei que gostaria de enviar: NEBCo, Widemire, D. B. Co. (tem um pouco de argamassa sobre isso) e CB Co (que tem um ponto em vez de regular retangular. Eu coloquei estes em Massachusetts Mills, construído em 1839 em Lowell, Massachusetts, agora abandonado e parcialmente caindo na ruína Eu também tenho fotos do próprio moinho, se isso fosse de interesse. Obrigado. Bob Malina escreve: Quando adolescente em 19567, trabalhei no Eastern (Merwin) Brickyard em Berlin Conn e posso compartilhar algumas experiências pela primeira vez do Processo e pessoas lá. Nota do Webmaster: Posso enviar uma excelente conta de primeira mão de Bobs aqui: The Brickyard, Summer of 1957. Agradeço a Bob por sua documentação histórica única e agradeço a todos os nossos visitantes que contribuíram aqui e tornaram este site valioso Fórum para a comunidade de coleta de tijolos e todos os amantes da história arquitetônica e industrial. Jack escreve: Tenho um tijolo com Oculto sobre eles que eu gostaria de vender. Não sei o que valem. Webmaster Nota: Temos algumas informações sobre HIDDEN AQUI. Recebemos um T de perguntas sobre quanto tijolos valem e se eles podem ser vendidos. Existem empresas que comprarão tijolos usados. Alguns podem ser encontrados nos anúncios Google espalhados por todo o nosso site. Quanto a quanto vale um tijolo, membro do IBCA, membro do site e do Web site, Fred Rieck escreve: A maioria dos colecionadores diria, de uma forma ou de outra, que o tijolo geralmente vale outro tijolo. Isso pode soar um pouco flippy até que se perceba que a maioria dos colecionadores não compram seu tijolo. Eles os acham despejados ou descartados ou onde um empreiteiro de demolição amigável vai permitir que eles se ajudem com o que podem transportar. Muitos colecionadores são idosos e a coleta de tijolos oferece uma preocupação interessante com muitos amigos simpatizantes. Em segundo lugar, muitos colecionadores trocam seus duplos e extras pelo tronco, ou carga de reboque por quase tantos outros que não possuem. E ninguém continua marcando. Isso não quer dizer que algum colecionador não consiga comprar um tijolo com os valores para um de especial interesse para ele. Também não é para dizer que alguns colecionadores não comprarão um tijolo aqui e ali se ele se encaixar em um propósito específico. Muitos decendentes não colecionadores de fabricantes de tijolos, ao aprender seus antepassados, estavam envolvidos na fabricação de tijolos, podem desejar um tijolo dessa empresa como um momento. Marcar comentários: Olá, eu realmente gosto do seu site. Eu estava fazendo alguma pesquisa em alguns tijolos que eu encontrei hoje. Encontrei um online, mas o meu é moldado de forma diferente. É um Allegany Valley Block, mas tem uma protuberância formada no centro superior. Você já viu algum desses antes de encontrá-lo em Albany, NY. Eu também encontrei um Pittsburg e Malvern, mas realmente não consigo encontrar muita informação sobre nenhum desses. De alguma forma, posso me ver entrando na coleta de tijolos. Agradecemos antecipadamente por qualquer assistência ou direção que você possa fornecer. Mark A Responder de Fred Reick: Olá, o Allegany Valley Block é um tijolo de rua feito em Olean, NY. Não tenho certeza sobre a protuberância que você mencionou, mas esses tijolos foram extrudidos e reprimidos de forma a produzir botões ou alças espaçadoras que serviram para manter o tijolo separado o suficiente quando colocado na rua para permitir a areia, alcatrão ou algum outro material para Ser trabalhado no espaço e manter o tijolo travado no lugar e sair. A protuberância pode ser apenas uma deformidade permanentemente cozida no tijolo durante o processo de fogo. Uma vez que esses tijolos eram em grande parte destinados ao uso da rua e não para as frentes dos edifícios, tal imperfeição era de pouca importância. Na construção de paredes, o tijolo tinha que ser geometricamente verdadeiro, ou os pedreiros teriam que mexer com eles demais para fazê-los encaixar adequadamente e ter o edifício muito bom também. Na rua, quem notaria um pouco mais de colisão O Pittsburgh Malvern também é um pavimentador. Feito em Malvern, Ohio pelo Pittsburgh e Malvern Clay co. --Fred Rieck Dan Eastman escreve: Encontrou um tijolo do que parece Granito. A. P.Green em todo o topo e Empire D. P. Abaixo daquilo ... Approx. 10-12 lbs. E 10Lx4Wx3Thick ... Parece que era poss. Morreu vermelho, mas desvaneceu-se ao branco. Alguém pode ajudar com isso. Eu só encontrei (1) uma imagem de um Empire Brick, e isso apenas diz Empire sobre isso. Obrigado. Uma resposta de Wayne Johnson Empire D. P. (Empire Dry Press) é a menor qualidade de tijolos refratários produzidos pela A. P. Green Refractories Co. no México, MO. O tijolo é um 9 3 reto (9 X 4,5 X 3) e quando disparado tem uma cor clara com manchas escuras ocasionais. O 9 3 reto é a segunda forma mais comum produzida apenas para o 9 reto (9 X 4,5 2,5), que é o padrão para a indústria de refratários. A fábrica do México, MO, foi fechada por aproximadamente duas décadas e em seu apogeu foi a maior fábrica de refratários sob um mesmo teto no mundo. Ele ocupou 27,5 hectares e subiu para aproximadamente 105 pés no ar. O complexo da planta tinha sete fornos de túnel de fogo regulares, dois fornos de azulejo, dois fornos de barro rígidos, um forno IFB e um forno Greenlite. No início da década de 1970, produziu a maioria dos produtos refratários utilizados nas almofadas de lançamento de Cape Kennedy. De anecklaus: encontrei um tijolo no meu quintal com LC LACLEDE nisso. Alguém pode me dar informações sobre isso, o LC está listado na linha superior, e sob ele lê LACLEDE. Obrigado Amanda escreve: oi eu encontrei um tijolo sob as raízes da minha árvore de nozes muito grande que recentemente foi atingida por um tornado e rasgado do chão. Eu tentei procurar, mas não encontrei nada e depois alguém me contou sobre esse site. O tijolo tem WELLSVILLE SAVAGE nisso e eu queria saber se você tinha alguma informação sobre isso Kathleen do Northern NJ comentários: ótimo site, obrigado por toda a informação. Eu era capaz de pesquisar uma grande pilha de tijolos escondidos em nossas madeiras estavam usando eles para camas de jardim levantadas e caminhos. Apenas um pequeno número se desintegrou no ano passado, talvez porque eles estão abertos, eu comecei a negociar tijolos com amigos e familiares agora que meus olhos estão abertos à sua história. Os tijolos que temos são selados SSBCO. Mais uma vez obrigado pela informação. De Lisa Brown: tenho um tijolo antigo que encontramos. Minha casa foi construída em 1927 e pense que estava aqui então. É sólido e diz H. P. Co. NASHVILLE. Você pode me dizer algo sobre este tijolo Obrigado Nota do webmaster: Fred e eu sabemos que existem alguns gurus do tijolo lá fora. Compartilhe seu conhecimento. Se você tem uma resposta para Lisa, ou qualquer outra pessoa aqui, use nosso FORMULÁRIO DE CONTATO. Comentários de Dan: eu tenho três tijolos. Parece ser um paralelepípedo. Tem Penn Block. Caldor PA nele. O segundo tijolo que acabei de ter STRASSBURG marcado e o thurd tem WYNNstamped dentro dele. O terceiro terceiro tijolo é um pouco mais que um tijolo regular e eles não são vermelhos. Tim Underhill escreve: Obrigado por todas as dicas. Eu encontrei muitos tijolos nos estaleiros de Haverstraw e Croton. Eu recentemente encontrei um tijolo em Newburgh. YW Foi por si só a rua. As letras no tijolo são criadas em um sapo. Qualquer ajuda será apreciada. Resposta de Fred Rieck: Eu acredito que a marca da marca YW é atribuível a Yaeger e Wagner of Flushing, Queens. NOVA IORQUE. Não tenho certeza da ortografia de Yaegers. De Eddie Webber: Olá: Tenho um tijolo antigo que peguei em uma loja de antiguidades em Oklahoma. O tijolo é estampado TAYLOR RAINES WAGONER I. T. Sendo o Território da Índia Wagoner. O tijolo tinha que ter sido feito em 1907 ou antes do estado. Qualquer informação sobre esta empresa de tijolos seria apreciada. Obrigado, Eddie Webber JENNIFER wrties: oi, encontrei este site na pesquisa de uma pilha de tijolos no meu quintal. Estou limpando escombros do proprietário anterior e tenho muitos tijolos Whiteselle Cherry Red Corsicana. Eu sei que eles são de um estaleiro do Texas chamado Whiteselle. Gostaria de encontrar a melhor maneira de preservar esses tijolos talvez até mesmo reciclar para um dos meus projetos - um novo pátio possivelmente. Alguns estão cobertos de argamassa. Um artesão capaz poderia usá-los se eu os salvar. Jennifer Andrew comentou: publiquei fotos de vários tijolos encontrados em um subúrbio de Chicago. Tenho curiosidade se alguém tiver alguma informação sobre eles. Parece que os nomes dos fabricantes são: B H Co. A B C (com um diamante depois), Wellsville Savage, LaClede () Sterling D P, Canton Ohio Marca registrada B R I D E N (). Qualquer informação seria apreciada. Graças a Kathy Zazula escreve: acabamos de renovar nossa cozinha e encontramos uma pilha de Dolan Bricks atrás da parede. Queremos conhecer a história e o valor, se houver, dos tijolos. Obrigado De Jessica Wickham: olá - Acabei de descobrir o seu site maravilhoso As lojas de Internet são tão convenientes, mas há algo sobre poder navegar com preguiça em uma livraria em um domingo à tarde Um compromisso da vida moderna, suponho. Bem, em qualquer caso, estou feliz por saber que você está lá. Por sinal, você já encontrou um desses tijolos. O tijolo HEDGES ou o H dentro do tijolo da lua. Eu encontrei esses dois em uma antiga fábrica em Middletown, NY. Atenciosamente, Webmaster Nota: Jessica estava se referindo à nossa LOJA DE LIVROS on-line Obrigado Jessica por seus comentários genéricos O gerente do site Fred Rieck responde: Sra. Wickham, seus HEDGES foram feitos em Cornwall, NY. Ao reler sua entrada em relação às suas descobertas Middletown, e mais o tijolo descrito como apresentando um H dentro de uma lua. Podemos pedir que você descreva este tijolo ou o logotipo, com mais detalhes. O tijolo é de cor amarela ou clara. O que pode indicar que é um firebrick É a lua um símbolo crescente Existe um recesso de forma retangular ou drpression no centro da superfície mais larga Uma foto seria útil. Estamos familiarizados com crescentes e Hs individuais dentro de um recesso retangular (chamado de sapo) Respeitosamente - Fred Rieck Bob escreve: Olá, eu sou de Spencer, N. Y. e havia um pátio de tijolos aqui no final dos anos 1800. Eu estava pensando se você sabia alguma coisa sobre isso ou conhecia alguém que pudesse. Obrigado, Bob Judy Eadson escreve: Estou tão feliz em encontrar seu site. Minha irmã encontrou uma pilha de tijolos usados para mim e eu construí uma caminhada na frente. Existem 13 padrões diferentes carimbados nos tijolos. Eu desejei ouvir as histórias que os tijolos têm para contar. Da leitura do seu site, pelo menos eu posso aprender de onde vieram alguns tijolos e aproximadamente quantos anos eles têm. Obrigado De Teri Carey: Olá. Não tenho certeza se você pode me ajudar, mas estou procurando por um tijolo CAREY original da Carey Brick Company, que se baseou em Chicago, Illinois, na década de 1970. Ele fechou no início dos anos 80, mas meu pai de maridos costumava dirigir a empresa de tijolos. Ele morreu há vários anos, e eu queria obter um único tijolo para o meu marido para um presente do Dia dos Pais que eu sei que significaria muito para ele, já que ele estava procurando um. Você pode me ajudar a localizar um tijolo Carey De Robin Honaker: Olá, eu gostei do seu site e fiz algumas perguntas. Eu tenho um tijolo, um tem TEXAS escrito através dele, outro uma estrela no meio com o que parece uma janela da catedral no canto superior esquerdo, também um com o KING B gravado sobre ele. Se você conhece a história, não posso parecer encontrá-los online. Obrigado. Nota do webmaster: Chris Wolford, membro do IBCA e colaborador da revista IBCA, tem um site com origens em vários tijolos ocidentais. Você pode encontrar informações sobre seus tijolos TEXAS e KING B lá. Para visitar seu site, clique aqui. De Leonard J. Grega: Eu sou um engenheiro estrutural que trabalha em um projeto de renovação em um prédio que foi construído em 1947. O sistema de piso consiste em feixes de t concreto espaçados aproximadamente 13 o. c. Com 8 azulejos Natco entre os tees. Você pode me dizer qual seria o peso dos azulejos Natco em uma base psf. Obrigado De Mike DeFranco: Eu estava cavando no meu jardim da frente e encontrei alguns tijolos antigos com o nome NEWBURGH MASSILLO sobre eles são essas antiguidades De Christopher Amodeo: Na minha cidade, há uma rampa de barco. A rampa foi degradada ao longo dos anos e sob a rampa de alcatrão, é uma camada de tijolos. Os tijolos estão caindo de baixo do alcatrão nos lados da rampa do barco e pousando na água salgada. Cada tijolo diz Terry Bros sobre isso. Isso vale a pena. Quantos anos eles tem. Eu encontrei um pavimento marcado Tidewater sobre ele. Ele veio de um antigo site de mísseis Nike Ajax do final da década de 1940 que foi derrubado no início deste ano em Long Island. Alguém pode me dizer quando a Tidewater se tornou uma empresa e quando ela cessou. Obrigado. De Greg: Graças a este excelente site, consegui identificar 26 dos 28 tijolos diferentes que coletei ao longo dos anos. Há 2 no entanto que eu não consegui encontrar, talvez eu apenas as perdi. O primeiro tem as letras OBV sobre ele, e o segundo que acabei de encontrar submerso ao longo da margem ocidental do rio Hudson, a poucas milhas a norte do kngstonR. A ponte tem uma forma de olho de amêndoa, com a letra M no meio. Você tem alguma informação sobre esses dois. Obrigado, Greg Fred Rieck responde: O OBV é a marca de OBRIEN VAUGHEY. O M no oval (ou amêndoa) é um pouco de um mistério. Pensamentos (sugestões) que se arriscaram, para mim, são possivelmente McCabe ou McGinnis. Ambos os fabricantes estiveram na área, mas isso não impede outro fabricante que ainda não descobrimos. Se alguém tiver alguma entrada sobre o possível proprietário desta marca, informe-nos, esta coisa de ID ainda é um trabalho em andamento. Fred Rieck De Lois McGivern: Eu tenho alguns tijolos que são bastante antigos e dizem VICTOR - eles são de cor amarela. Estou procurando uma história sobre eles. De Shelly Black: Tenho 600 tijolos projetados com Starburst. Mais de um acabamento esmaltado. Eu gostaria de aprender mais. Eu sei que eles estavam originalmente na calçada de uma estação de correios em Portage, OH. Eu ficaria feliz em enviar uma foto se alguém pudesse ajudar a identificá-los. Obrigado. De karen kennedy: é poss. Para enviar-lhe fotos de tijolos que costumavam ser o chão de uma casa de transporte. Eles pesam 17 lbs ea medida: 10 x 512 x 5. Quer saber sua história. Interessado em vendê-los Obrigado por Vincent Morgillo: vivi em Wallingford, CT nos últimos 30 anos e recentemente, enquanto cavava no quintal, encontrava um antigo tijolo MURRAY. Algumas pesquisas não parecem surgir com nenhuma empresa de Murray Brickmakers. Antes de nossa casa ser construída, havia um antigo celeiro. Eu tenho algumas fotos que eu gostaria de compartilhar. Por favor, deixe-me saber como enviá-los. Gostaria de obter um pouco de história, se possível. Obrigado, Vin A Reply from Fred Rieck: Há uma série de Murrays que fabricaram tijolos, tanto na NY quanto na CT. Sem ter visto seu MURRAY. Vincent, eu tende a pensar que seu MURRAY pode ter sido feito em Westchester Countys Town, em Cortlandt. Baseado em MURRAY marcou a sucata encontrada na área, exatamente o que Murray os criou, não consegui determinar. Fred Rieck De Adam Gasperini: Eu removi uma velha chaminé de uma casa que eu acho que foi feita em meados dos anos 1800, o tijolo tinha o nome Don. B CO você tem alguma informação sobre essa empresa e os anos que eles operaram. Nota do Webmaster: existe um DON. B Co (Donnelly Brick Co.) descrito em nossa página de coleção (A-L) De Karen: eu desenterrei dois evens howard fogo tijolos fora do meu quintal recentemente. Eu achei um pé de profundidade. Eles são muito pesados. Eu acredito que havia uma casa que costumava ser onde eu encontrei esses tijolos, porque havia um tornado muito ruim em 1949 que destruiu um monte de propriedades aqui em Warren, Arkansas. De Ron: encontrei alguns tijolos com Griffing Eastern Long Island. Qualquer informação de boas-vindas Uma resposta de Fred Rieck: Eu suspeito que seja um dos vários estaleiros de tijolos que operavam no Condado de Suffolk entre Bridgehamton e Sag Harbor. Nota do Webmaster: Achei isso na Web: existe um esporão ferroviário abandonado de 3,5 milhas que, de 1870 a 1938, conectou Bridgehampton a Sag Harbors Long Wharf. A conexão entre o estímulo eo icehouse Round Pond facilitou o transporte de gelo para a cidade de Nova York. O Griffing Brick Works e várias outras indústrias. Floresceu ao longo do esporão ferroviário. (Para ver a página de origem, clique aqui.) De Dennis: encontrei um tijolo com a palavra ESCOVA encastrada na cara do tijolo. Alguém pode me contar sobre isso. Uma resposta de Fred Rieck: The Brush Brothers eram um novato Buffalo, NY mfgr. Frank Clement tem algum histórico nesta empresa com o tijolo em seu site. Clique aqui. De Dwight B Lindley: tenho tijolos que dizem. LAD RIO BRAVO mexico, Butler, Diamond, Ferris, Houston, também um tijolo de Houston com o S para trás, Groesbeck, Lucas, vários tijolos de Thurber, qualquer informação seria útil. Obrigado De Dan Field: dan chamando do país nabco, chegaram no início do século XX, o site fez um bloqueio aqui no norte de Adams Ma. Você conhece alguém que precisa de alguns desses. De Rosemary H. Jackson: Estou procurando alguns tijolos Washburn. Saiba onde posso encontrar alguns De Irene Francour: Tenho um molde de tijolo calvo muito antigo em boa forma, você poderia me dizer o que poderia valer a pena. Ou mais informações. Obrigado De Robert Protzmann: Estou à procura de informações sobre Oschwalds Brickyards nas proximidades de Cliffwood, NJ (perto da Bahia raritana). O avô das minhas pais e muitos outros parentes, principalmente imigrantes trabalhavam lá a partir de aproximadamente. 1900-1930. Também estou procurando por mapas da área nesse período de tempo, o que mostraria os brickyards e os nomes das estradas. Aparentemente, todas as estradas que viveram antes de 1930 mudaram seu nome - antigamente Brickyard Lane, Amboy Road. Qualquer informação ajudaria. Oi obrigado - site de diversão muito interessante esse tijolo que a Mãe me deu - com a história de que algumas gerações voltariam para sua família, uma parte da Dennings Point Brickworks. Eu finalmente verifiquei isso através dos roteadores de impostos e um livro na biblioteca Beacon The History of Dutchess Co. --Stephen Saunters (meu avô gg) e Joseph Lomas possuíam essa propriedade em 1865-1866. Jessica Hall escreve: Recentemente, encontrei uma pilha de tijolos Gardner em excelente estado. Eu moro em Massachusetts e estes parecem ter saído de uma antiga base. Apenas me perguntando se estes são colecionáveis e como eu iria ligar com pessoas que os coletam e podem querer eles, eu planejo manter alguns como foram encontrados em Gardner, Ma. O que é interessante. Obrigado Nota do webmaster: Jessica, eu tive pensamentos semelhantes quando comecei a colecionar tijolos apenas alguns anos atrás. É por isso que eu comecei este site: para ajudar os colecionadores a aprender mais sobre suas descobertas e se relacionar com outras pessoas que possam querer negociar. Caminho, de volta a essas páginas são comentários de um Mike em Peekskill, que é um jardineiro de rosas e que a diversão estava procurando por tijolos ROSE e GARDNER Type GARDNER em uma de nossas caixas de pesquisa e você encontra todas as páginas com informações da Gardner. Quando você abre uma página específica, pressione CTRL-F, digite GARDNER nessa caixa, e você encontrará o (s) lugar (s) exato (s) na página onde Gardner aparece. Se você deseja entrar em contato com alguém que postou aqui, use nosso Formulário de Contato e tente tentar colocá-lo em contato. Walt Giersbach comenta: prazer em encontrar o seu site. Pensei que eu era o único cara louco o suficiente para coletar tijolos, começando com Sayre Fisher quando morava em NJ Dug up Donnelly tijolos no meu quintal em Danbury, Connecticut em 95. Voltando agora de Cambridge, MA, estou trazendo um tijolo de Stiles Hart encontrado aqui Na Huron Ave. Verá se tenho alguma coisa a adicionar à sua coleção. Nota do webmaster: Walt, obrigado. As suas amáveis observações são apreciadas. Don B. Michael Misch escreve: Tenho tijolos do tipo: DPBW, MARTIN, JJJ, OXFORD, HUTTON, KING, KANE, JMC, EMPIRE, ETC. Eu me pergunto se valem a pena. Obrigado, de John Marks: Você conhece o nome da fábrica de tijolos em Pittsburg, Califórnia, no Dr. Parkside, que fez tijolos do início da década de 1920 até o final da década de 1950. Obrigado. Nota do webmaster: Fred e eu sabemos que existem alguns gurus de tijolos por aí. Compartilhe seu conhecimento. Se você tem uma resposta para John, ou qualquer outra pessoa aqui, use o nosso FORMULÁRIO DE CONTATO. Fred Kabbel escreve: oi. Eu estava de volta a Hells Kitchen na semana passada e eu re-visitou um site de demolição já foi antes. Eu estava surpreso com a variedade de tijolos antigos que eu consegui recuperar (com a permissão, é claro) de seu lixo. Eu gosto de ouvir seus comentários sobre qualquer ou todos os tijolos da imagem. Agradecimentos como sempre de um membro do IBCA em breve. Nota do Webmaster: Fred nos enviou uma foto que será postada em breve. Podemos saber de alguns colecionadores locais que podem querer trocar alguns desses MLs e MW Cos - Ray Rieck Lloyd Armstrong com comentários: Olá, encontrei um tijolo ao remover uma chaminé de uma fazenda no oeste do Massachusetts. O texto é: O. Annese Son No1 Woodbridge N J (o texto está resistido) Não consigo encontrar nenhuma referência a esta empresa. Qualquer ajuda será apreciada. (Quando a empresa estava no negócio, etc.) Obrigado. Oi Lloyd, não estou familiarizado com Annese. Você indicou que o texto de tijolos foi resistido - é possível que o nome seja escrito Anness. Estou me perguntando se o seu tijolo pode ser outra variação das várias operações de fabricação de Anness em que Anness pode ter sido envolto - Anness Lyle. Anness Hollow tile Clay Co. Anness Potter, por exemplo. Todos estavam em Woodbridge, Nova Jersey. Podemos aproximar um tempo de fabricação pelo estilo da rotulação da marca. Desculpe, eu não posso ser de mais ajuda. --Fred Rieck De James P: Oi, encontrei tijolos contendo a palavra KING GEORGE V 1910 e B B está em estilo de roupão. Parece um tijolo comemorativo, mas não tenho certeza do que você quer dizer com o e comercial em estilo de manto. --Don B. Mike McIntosh escreve: Primeiro, deixe-me dizer que acabei de descobrir seu site e que gostei muito disso. Eu cresci na região do Vale de Hocking, em Ohio, e tenho cercado muitas das antigas plantas de tijolos nessa área, Nelsonville, Greendale, Natco, Shawnee, General Clay e Claycraft. Eu sei que há para ser muito mais empresas de tijolos em Ohio e gostaria de descobrir mais sobre eles. Existe alguma informação sobre essas antigas empresas, oi Mike. Indeed, Ohio, and the Hocking Valley was a tremendous producer of brick. If you are near any Ohio city library, Im confident they should be able to load you up on Ohio brick history. Ohio has taken a great deal of pride in its brick producing heritage, and doesnt appear to have kept it a secret, either. --Fred From Racquel: I have some whiteselle cherry reds, corsicana bricks. i know they are every old I would like to know how old they are and I also heard that they were collectable. Some one told me that there was a person who was buying them. Your help will be appricated thank you Racquel, the Whiteselle Cherry Reds are a product of Texas. Texas has had a very large number of brick manufactures (and lots of collectors to collect them). Ive generally seen some for trade at the various IBCA (International Brick Collectors Association) swap meets. --Fred Rieck Found this on the Web: There were four variations of the Whiteselle brand: Whiteselle-Corsicana, Whiteselle-Corsicana with a plus mark in a circle, Whiteselle-Cherry Reds (incut), and Whiteselle-Cherry Reds (in an inset plate). For the complete article Click Here. The Whiteselle brickyard was on South 15th St. in Corsicana, Texas. Heres a web site on Corsicana Brick. --Webmaster Don Julie Porter writes: I have a brick that I got from a mill from 1880 with the letters DMH on it can you tell me what that stands for thank you Julie Julie, so far we are stumped on this one. It may be helpful to know what state it was found in. also is it a fire brick or building brick Can you send us a photo --Webmaster Don I found a brick with the letters G G A on it. i am having a problem locating info on this manufacturer, i found it at the bottom of a reservoir in brewster ny. any info would be greatly appreciated. i am new to brick history. It did not have a frog Hi, your brick was made by Garret G Allison of Haverstraw. The Allison family had a long line of brickmakers in the Haverstraw area. There is an Allison Street in Haverstraw. Garret is listed in this NY Times article dated July 12, 1853. His name comes up again in an article about the dedication of a Haverstraw cemetery on Thursday, July 7th 1853 in David Coles History of Rockland County, New York . --Webmaster Don Diane Tobin writes: When were Widemire bricks made While I was digging at the site of a glass factory which operated from 1876-1888, I found a brick stamped Widemire. It appears to be a fire brick (or fireclay brick)and I am hoping it was part of the glassworks furnace. Did Widemire produce bricks from 1876-1888 Fred Rieck replies: Ms. Tobin, according to research done by Karl Guerke, The WIDEMIRE brand was made by the Harbison - Walker Refractories Co. of Pennsylvania. durning the years of 1921 -1942. perhaps earlier and later. One thing to remember is that firebrick may have to be replaced from time to time and the brick found after a plant closes may not be the same brick used in the original building of the kilns or fire boxes. Angela Thiele writes: We recently purchased proprerty in McKinney, Tx and unearthed an old well. The bricks lining the well are terra cotta in color, about the same size as a regular brick of today and have a recessed (indented) diamond shape on one side. Do you have any idea of the age and manufacturer of these bricks Thanks Louise Goldstein comments: We are trying to get more information about Cary Brick who built the Saratoga Spa State Park, Saratoga Springs, NY that opened July 26,1935. Fred Rieck replies: William N. Cary is listed as the President of the Cary Brick Co. in the 1903 edition of the Ballston Spa, Mechanicville, Stillwater and Schuylerville directory. A Cary ad, placed in the 1926 Mechanicville City Directory, indicates that Cary has yards in both Cohoes and Newton Hook, with offices in the Mead Building (Mechanicville). Cary was still listed in 1936 but not in 1940. Sorry that I cant be more helpful. --Fred A reply from William: Regarding cary bricks for the buliding of saratoga spa, i believe the willian h. cary brickyard was located in newton hook, ny, was called the empire brick company, my grandfather worked there and my family lived and (lives) across the rr tracks from the old brickmill A reply from Fred Rieck: Yes, the Empire Brick Co. yard was located roughly two miles south of the Cary (Newton Hook) yard. While Empire was it operation, the place was called Empire. Prior to Empire setting up operations there, the place was operated by the Walsh Brothers, and. according to the 1907 Hudson River Telephone Directory, the site was formerly called Walshville. Im e-mailing you a photo (attached), of a brick I found in my yard and as Im not at this time a brick collector and really dont know much about bricks at all, I was wondering if this is a Graves manufactured Brick or a Chemical companys brick Do you know anything about this brick I found. It is Stamped. Graves Chemical Bham, Ala. Thank You for your time, Regards Sharon Hi Sharon, GRAVES BHAM is well known among collectors as an Alabama manufacturer of street paving brick. The term Chemical quite likely, refers to a special formulation in the clay, or its treatment in the manufacturing process, all of which is intended to make the brick more resistant to the environment in which it is expected to be used. This may include stricter control of the bricks porosity, size, and surface finish. --Fred Rieck From Fred Kabbel: Hi. I found 2 bricks in the old Hells Kitchen section of Manhattan. One says ATLAS and the other says ALPHA. Both have deep frogs and raised letters. Can you tell me anything about them Thanks. Love your site Hello Fred. The ATLAS was made in the early 1900s in Hudson, NY. You will find more info on ATLAS on This Page: The ALPHA was made by the ALPHA Brick Holding Co. in Glasco, NY which faced backrupcy proceedings in 1918: NY Times Article Thanks for visiting the web site --Don B. Webmaster Shirley Walker writes: I have bricks from my dads farm in Missour. Laclede King. Evans Howard, St. Louis5, Mexico Ref. Co. Mo Rex. Want to know when made and any other information please. From cap lesesne: pls advise on where i can find kane bricks. KANE bricks are no longer made. You may be able to find some near the brickyard site: 654 Newfield St. Middletown, CT Otherwise look for them at dump sites demolition areas, landfill, etc. In February, we got this note from Mark Falco: I worked summers at the Michael Kane Brick Company of Middletown, Ct. during the late 60s and early 70s while going to college, We used the stove kiln system pictured in your site. The yard was modernized with modern dryers, but the ancient technology, the old clay stamping machine and the drying racks remained on site. The wire-cut bricks eventually put the company out of business. I was always impressed by the number of job titles associated with the process from clay bank to shipping the loaded product. There is nothing to compare with the colors and textures from the wood-fired brick. --Don B. Webmaster From Nicols: Hello i from argentina and i have a very old brick is similar like this. the brick has the impression PETRE BAUDOUR. if you are interest in my brick, respond. sorry for my poor inglish Webmaster Note: You can respond to Nicolas (or any other person here) by using our Contact Form. Jason Said: I was recently fishing at a hard to reach stretch at the 18-mile creek. I found a brick that says Hall Sons, Buffalo The Brick looks very old, similar in color and font to some of the really old brick pictures you have on your site. Do you know how old it might be Well, according to this NY Times article. Hall Sons was around as early as 1867. Edward J. Hall was a businessman who had worked for the Perth-Amboy Terra Cotta Company in New Jersey, and started his own brick company, Hall and Sons at 69 Tonawand St. in Buffalo, N. Y. (Source: oasis. lib. harvard. eduoasisdeliver sch00516) --Don B. Webmaster Jeff Barker comments: Hello, I found a brick with the name QUAKER on it. Do you have any history on it Thanks From Leonard J. Jacobs: In 1914, work began on a 2 mile stretch of rural road in Pine Rock Twp. Ogle C. IL A few years ago it was covereed by asphalt. I have on of the bricks. The first letter I cant read but appears to be - urington Paver. I will try to get to read your fine website and maybe I will find your answer there. But I hope you can enlighten me about the Pavers. What you have is a Purington Paver. Here are two great Purington web sites to visit: Purington Brickyards Purington Brick History Enjoy --Don B. Webmaster Richard Florio comments: Didnt see anything on the website matching these bricks, so thought you might want a pic and some info, but maybe you can enlighten me further This brick is from my hometown of Huntington, Long Island, NY. It came from one of the outbuildings of a 1907 Gold Coast Mansion built for Ronald Conklin. The Mansion itself burned about 18 or 20 years ago, but one corner, several outbuildings and the carriage house still remain. The extant corner of the main house has these West Neck bricks visible, so I am quite certain of the date. The 200 Acres or so are on a bluff overlooking Cold Spring Harbor and Oyster Bay, as well as what is today West Neck beach, which is where I believe these bricks came from. I have found broken bricks their while shore-clamming. This area was renowned for its clay dating back to pre-colonial times. Ill have to stop by the local historical society and see if I can dig up some more info on the local brick industry, but I do know it was large, as was the sand and gravel industry, with NYC only 40 miles west. Other bricks found along side these were NJ bricks from Sayreville (Marked just S F, without the Co.) By the way, I live across Huntington Harbor on East Neck, but I have yet to find any brick marked as such. Maybe someday A reply from Fred Rieck: Hi Richard, the West Neck brand mark is attributed to C. H. Jones Co of Long Island, by Dan DeNoyelles, a former Rockland County historian and author. Mr. DeNoyelles is a descendent of a multigenerational family of brick manufacturers and has produced a listing of brick manufacturers and their brick marks. A listing is included in his book Within These Gates . a story about the brick-making industry in Rockland County. Whereas an excellent resource, there are a number of Long Island brick manufacturers and trade names which, in my opinion, are waiting to be listed or matched up. According to maps I have seen, Jones, and his brick manufacturing neighbor, The Crossman Brothers, were located along the east shore of Cold Spring Harbor, south of the thin strip of water separating Caumsett from Lloyd Harbor. At some point in time Dr. O. Jones become involved with the business. What would be interesting to find out, is if Crossman Brothers produced a brick with their name or trademark On another note, there were several manufacturers located in the area of Fresh Ponds, north of Locust Grove: Long Island Brick Co, Prevost Bros. Sammis, George Longbotham, and Henry Brown. Would you happen toknow if there was a connection between L. I. Brick Co. and Prevost Bros Did Longbotham make a marked brick. and who may have made the brick with three, double outline stars as a trade mark Any information would be helpful. Fred Rieck Susan Petries comments: Hi..love your site. Ive read some about laborers who worked in brickyards and wonder if girls and women were employed by the yards, too. Im up in Albany and was recently in an adandoned factory of some sort that had brick floors on the second storey. Seemed really unusual. Any reasons Also, I have found bricks stamped Troy. Were they made this far north One more: does anyone know a total (or approximate) number of brickyards that the Hudson River helped sustain I gather the last one finally closed in 2002. Thanks for any info. Best, Susan A Reply from Fred Rieck: Hello Sue. Generally speaking, it is doubtful that women worked along with men in the production part of making brick because of the dirt and weight of the materials handled. Building kilns in which the brick were baked (burned in the talk of the trade) generally required that a quantity of brick be tossed together up to, or dropped down to another worker who was on another level (tier) of kiln construction. That doesnt mean that somewhere in history, a woman had not done this kind of heavy and laborious labor. Having said this, there have been a number of women that have owned and operated brickyards. According to a listing of brick manufactures compiled by Dan DeNoyelles, a descendent of a Haverstraw brick making family, the following women, (and there are more) Mary Buckley of Grassy Point 1885, Mrs. E. L. Chrystie of Newburgh, Mrs. Frank Dunnigan 1902, Mrs. A. Fisher of Verplanck, Mrs. William Bennett, and the Budd sisters of Dutchess Junction, are among them. It appears that a number of the ladies inherited these business when their husbands (or father in the Budds case) passed away. The Budd sisters carried on operations very successfully for many years. The TROY brick you mentioned was made in Troy NY by the Troy Brick Co. I recall reading that there were about 110 brickyards in operation along the Hudson River in the early 1900s These yards ranged from Staten Island to Mechanicville, NY and there were still a few more yards from there, north to Plattsburgh. Sue, you mentioned a second storey with a brick floor. Would you know the name of the building or what business it was used for Sometimes tile and enameled brick were used where sanitary conditions must be conformed to. breweries, hospitals food prep and etc. --Fred Rieck Dr. John Parker writes: Brick with HEATHERY KNOWE PATENT GLASGOW frogged in a recess. I am looking for information on when this was made, what company, etc. I have done extensive web searches discovering the community of Heathery Knowe near Glasgow Scotland. But no info on brickworks. Thanks in advance for your help. John Ryan comments: I was just reviewing family heritage with my mother. I was told that my great grandfathers family owned a brick company in Berlin Ct. They had moved from Haverstraw NY around the turn of the century. She told me that there was a church in Kensington CT. that contained their bricks. Just curious thanks. What an interesting hobby. From Greg Perez: comments: I love to see your idea of preserving history, I have an historic building in Peekskill, NY and I need to restore the facade and some brick needs replacement, however I do have a sample of the original brick and the name ends in ES could you tell me where and who made it A reply from web site guru Fred Rieck: Greg, it would be more helpful if you had more of the brick. We could suggest HEDGES (Cornwall, NY), STAPLES (Kingston, NY), and some Connecticut manufactures as STILES and SHARES. These brands are off the top of my head, so to speak, and there are others as well. The HEDGES and STAPLES seem more likely. sorry I cant be of more help. - Fred Rieck Inge Aiken writes: Howdy I have been scavenging old bricks from a local landfill in Albany, NY. My initial goal was to collect the old brick to learn masonry and brick the walls of our basement to look like an old foundation. Besides the fun in learning masonry, I have been fascinated w the origin of these brick. (I guess thats what happens when you spend so much time loading, unloading, cleaning, and installing bricks) My question is that most of the bricks are: A. H.Sons. Can anyone ID these brick for me An internet search produced a brick company, A. H.Curtis and Sons, in Georgia. Can anyone confirm this Some other bricks I couldnt find on your locator are MR, RB, JM, CARY and a few others that I will need to double check. Thanks so much for such an informative website. Fred Rieck replies: Hi Inga, bricks can be interesting, cant they The AHS is the mark of Alfred Hunter Son. The name, in this format, shows up in the Albany City Directory about 1895..and was still listed in 1921. Al Hunter was listed as a brickmaker prior to 1895 as early as 1875. The AHS yard, may have been at the corner of N. Pearl and Van Woert. Their brick appears to have been made primarily for local consumption as the brick marks tend to be mostly found in the Albany vicinity and not to too far beyond. The other four brands you mention are, too, essentially local bricks. However, MR, RB and JM brand letters were ALSO used by three down river manufacturers. MR and RB in Rockland County and JM (John Morton) in Westchester. Since the down river manufacturers had enough of a time meeting the needs of the NY and NJ market its most likely your brick were made locally. The CARY (John Cary, president and CEO) was made at either the Newton Hook (near Stockport Stuyvesant) or the Cohoes plant. Your JM is very likely that of John Murray of Cohoes. The MR and RB brands Im less certain of. Moore Riberty and Rennselaer Brick (Co) come to mind. A photo of the two would be helpful in comparing them with the Rockland County brandmarks. Inga, you mentioned a land fill in the Albany area. Would it be possible to get a location for it On the theory that the landfill would be a repository of local brick, we may be able to look through it and see what styles of brick marks may be found there and compare them. in this case, to the Rockland brands for which we may be more certain of. Brick ID is still a work in progress - Fred Rieck From Diane Dalton: While out for a walk, I ran across a pile of demolished bricks embossed with the word Calvert. I have been unable to find out anything about these bricks, i. e. age, manufacturer. Please help clear up the mystery. A reply from your Webmaster: Per Brick Brands of the United States compiled by Jim Graves of the I. B.C. A. the CALVERT brand was made Victor Cushwa Sons in Williamsport, MD. Cushwa was bought out by the Redland Brick Inc and today has merged into Belden Brick. From the Quad - State Business Journal, May 1999: Baltimores Camden Yards and Ravens Stadium blend as comfortably into their urban landscape as the older structures around them, but much of their exterior beauty comes from the rural countryside of western Maryland. The brick for the major league baseball and football stadiums was made at Redland Brick Inc. s Cushwa Plant in Williamsport, Md. Like most U. S. brick manufacturers, Redlands Cushwa plant is located near its raw materials: high grade clay with good ceramic properties and shale. Although shale is a sedimentary rock, it is formed from compressed mud and chemicals similar to clay so it is a common material for bricks. The Cushwa plant has been producing bricks for over a century, and its 300 acres contain enough clay and shale for 100 more years. The brickyard was started in 1872 by Victor Cushwa and remained a family-owned business until 1987 when it was bought by a British company, Steetley PLC. which also owned two other American brick manufacturers, KF in Connecticut and Harmar, located near Pittsburgh. In 1992, Steetley was acquired by Redland, PLC, another British company which at that time was the largest brick company in the world. The next year, all three American brick companies were consolidated into Redland Brick Inc. In 1996, Ohio-based Belden Brick Co. purchased Redland Brick Inc. Today, Redland Brick Inc. has annual sales of 30 million and employs 240 people 116 people work at the Cushwa plant. Redlands corporate office is in Williamsport, in a Williamsburg-style building built in 1973 of (what else) brick. When a two-story addition was built last year, the new hand-moulded rose-colored bricks matched perfectly. Terence Gower writes: Hello, I am a researcher looking for a picture of what has been described as a salmon-colored brick produced by Champlain Brick Company --- I believe its from their Cherry Valley range. Has anyone seen this item Thanks From Ronald Jobin: I have an ancestor, George Holden, who according to the 1880 census lived in Stony Point, NY and worked n a Brickyard along with many of his neighbors. He was 23 at the time. According to a family anecdote, the bricks were used in the construction of the Brooklyn Bridge or one of the othe bridges spanning the East River. Can you shed any light on this for me. Thanks From Daniel Hornbeck: I am by marriage related to the John Jova family of Roseton, NY. My older brother worked one summer for the yards in 1962 Recently, I was living in Floral Park, NY and had bricks removed for AC installation when I noticed the bricks had the Jova trademarkJJJ on them. I have one, maybe to add to your collection of photos. From Webmaster Don B.: Wed love to post your photo here and thanks for sharing your family info. If you have any more history of the Jova yards, let us know. Greg Perez writes: I would like to know where I can find red brick made in 1940s near Peekskill NY, I have a historic buldg that I need to replace some bricks, I have an sample with a name on it. Your help will be apresiated. From cathy bennett: I have some bricks from the brick plant in my back yard. the Sapulpa Pressed Brick Plant was purchaged by Nicholas Hermes in 1925. I have bricks stamped with Sapulpa Brick Plant. I may look under the house to see if any of the original bricks are under there. I live in his house now. Webmaster Note: Per Jim Graves of the IBCA, the Sapulpa Pressed Brick Company was in Sapulpa, OK From FRISCO SYSTEM MAGAZINE, December 1902: (thelibrary. springfield. missouri. orglochistfriscomagazinesfsm190212fsm190212041.pdf) While the thriving town of Sapulpa, in the northern part of the Creek Nation, has numerous natural advantages upon which to found a hope, nay, a certainty, of future prosperity, recent developments lead to the belief that it will eventually become a great center for the manufacture of brick and kindred products. There is now no doubt that the town lies in the center of what is probably the largest and best shale deposit in the world. Thorough prospecting shows the shale belt to include an area of 15 to 20 square miles, and to contain enough shale to rebuild the cities of New York and London, should those centers of population be leveled to the ground by some overwhelming calamity. This is only another way of saying that the shale beds of Sapulpa are practically inexhaustible. While the existence of an excellent grade of shale in various parts of the Territory has been known for many years, conditions were not until recently such that any advantage could be taken of the fact. A shale bed in the wilderness is of no particular value, but one in close proximity to good railroad facilities, and in the heart of a country undergoing the most rapid development the world has ever seen, will not long be overlooked. The extension of the Prisco System into Oklahoma and the southwest, the construction of the Red River division of the same system from Sapulpa into the heart of Texas, and on to the Rio Grande, and the preparations to extend a branch north through the Osage country and on into Kansas, now assures this locality an outlet by rail to all directions. Under these circumstances, a number of enterprising residents of Sapulpa decided to learn something more definitve as to the extent and value of the deposits. An organization was formed for the purpose of prospecting the country thoroughly. A wide range of territory was covered, which established the fact that while shale was to be found in large quantities in many localities of that region, that found in the immediate vicinity of Sapulpa combined advantages of superior quality and quantity, as well as better shipping facilities. This having been ascertained by surface indications it was determined to discover the real extent and nature of the beds, and a company was formed for thnt purpose, in which Fred Pfendler, J. A. Boyd and F. T. Watson were the prime movers. Thus, less than a year ago, systematic development was commenced. Two prospect holes were drilled, each more than 1,600 feet deep. Except for a few thin layers of sandstone, both these wells began and ended in shale. Another hole drilled in the hope of finding artesian water, after passing through 8O0 feet of shale, struck a fair quality of oil, running from five to seven barrels a day. The fact is that the town of Sapulpa, and the entire surrounding country lies over an immense deposit of shale of unknown depth. Just in the edge of town rises a great hill, more than 100 feet above the level of the landscape, and about 40 acres in extent. It is a solid mass of shale. One blow with a pick will turn up the shale on any part of the hill. There is no superfluous dirt to be removed. The hill has simply to be tunneled and the shale can be stoped directly into cars. This is not the only shale hill in the limits of the belt. There are many others, and one or two are even larger. The huge, conical upheavals a few miles south of Sapulpa, from which the town of Mounds takes its name, are known to be composed entirely of shale. The mounds do not lie so conveniently to the railroad as the Sapulpa hill, but to run a switch to them would be easy and inexpensive. Still farther south, near Weleetka, the Red River division of the Frisco System cuts for narly half a mile through a solid bank of blue shale It was only necessary to call attention to these facts to secure the capital necessary to turn them to practical value. A few months ago the Sapulpa Pressed Brick Company was organized, and immediately took steps to begin operations. Within a few weeks after the company was organized, it had erected a plant and was turning out brick. The output of the plant had already reached 50,000 every ten hours, and a total of over 2,000,000 have been manufactured and distributed. Recently J. A. Daly and C. B. Ritchey, practical brick manufacturers formerly of Nevada, Mo. have secured a controlling interest in the plant, and expect to more than double the capacity as soon as the necessary machinery can be put in. Experts who have examined these shale deposits pronounce them to be of exceptional quality and variety. When exposed to the air, the shale crumbles naturally. Three varieties--yellow, gray and blue--are found. Bricks manufactured from it take a beautiful color and polish. Comparatively limited as have been the operations of the company up to the present time they have amply demonstrated the value of its product, which has found a ready sale in open market competition. Preparations to add machinery for the manufacture of tiles and vitrified brick are now under way. Other companies are being projected, for, while the Sapulpa Pressed Brick company is first on the ground, the field is inexhaustible. There is room for a hundred such companies, so far as a supply of material is concerned, and there is reason in the prophecy, so frequently made by residents of Sapulpa, that the shale belt will, in time, owing to sheer excess of natural advantages, contribute largely in supplying the vast amount of building material neccssary to the upbuilding of the great undeveloped empire in the southwest. Brian writes: I recently bought an old house in seekonk ma and found some old bricks. at first i was like ungh, but then i stumbled appon one that really grabd my attention. it was a hollow brick with the letters DB Co with a enclosed cross in the center. i later found out that it was an original duffeny brick from possibly the the late 1800s as it looks to be abbout 100 years old or so. the fact that its hollow is what really captivates me. if anyone reads this and knows a little bit more and can enlighten me please contact me. thank you and good night. From Dorothy Zamora: I am an archaeologist and just finished a project in New Mexico in a coal mining town and found red brick with a hollow middle. What type of brick is this and do you know what they date Dan from New Jersey writes: Does anyone know if certain companies had areas that only they could sell bricks to because about 95 of the bricks i find in my town are either shultz, washburn, or tri-co. i did find a few that i cant identify though, maybe someone could help me out. MLW..BRS..NMCO..RS..TG..HG any help would be great. Fred Rieck replies: Many times, particularly in locations away from large cities, smaller manufacturers may be more inclined to meet the needs of their locality. In the situation where you see so many Shultz, Washburn and Tri-Co brick, it may be more a matter of when in time that area was developed. Shultz, and Washburn were by in large upstate NY manufacturers which became big producers for the downstate market at a time when the downstate producers were folding their tents, so-to-speak. In essence, many of the producers near the NY metro area (and I am lumping northern NJ into this market) had gone out of business because their sources of clay had petered out. From all the WASHBURNs Ive seen in Jersey, one may (briefly) think, they owned the market. ROSE was another BIG producer that had connections and influence in attempting to control general manufacture of brick in relation to market demand. To ID some of your finds: MLW Mordecai and Lucien Washburn (Grassy Point, NY), BRS Bennett Rowan Scott (West Haverstraw), RS, Roan Scott or Redner Strang (both of Haverstraw), NM Co N. Mehrhoff (Little Ferry, NJ) TG (Trevianus Gardner Little ferry, NJ), HG (Henry Gardner Little Ferry, NJ). The NY brand IDs are attributed to the work of Dan DeNoyelles, a Rockland County Historian. The NJ IDs are attributed to the compilations of Jim Graves, the librarian for the International Brick Collectors Association. --Fred Rieck From Greg Craddock: I have a Tiffany Co. Chicago brick and a brick from a building at Western University. I was wondering if they had any value at all. Thanks, Carol Todd writes: Do you have any information (or know where I might possible search) on the brickmakers of Orange County, especially at Cronks Clove or Mother Cronks Cove, in the narrow valley between Storm King Mtn and Crow Nest They were named Kronkhyte or Cronk, and were probably in business before the 1840s. I am in Texas, so not near any local NY sources of information. Thank you A reply from Webmaster Don: Hi Carol, Fred I havent found any info on brickmaking at Cronks Clove but I did come across this page (which you may already be aware of). Fred writes: I was able to pull up some USGS survey maps covering the Storm King and Crows Nest topography (1892 West Point Quadrangle) ne. I believe I can see the valley between the two Mounts, and it has a stream running through it to the Hudson. I see no evidence of any brickyard in it, nor any structure in that valley. Please note that the valley isnt IDd on my map. However, across the Hudson R. on the eastern shore, just south of Breakneck Mtn. is the site of the former Moser Brick Yard. Then north of Storm King, on the western shore, lies Cornwall-on-Hudson at which the Hedges Brick yard was located. North of that is New Windsor which had several brick yards over the years -- all along the Hudson River. There is a book entitled Hudson River Guidebook . Arthur G. Adams, 1996 (ISBN 0823216799) which makes reference to Mother Cronk Valley, and which can be purchased here. But there is no mention of brickmaking there. Another resource may be to contact the Orange County Historical Society at 21 Clove Furnace Drive, Arden, New York 10910 FAX: 1-845-351-4696. The Society has a research library. though I havent visited it - yet. My at hand information doesnt go back much before 1895. Thats about all I can suggest. --Fred Hi Don, Thank you -- and thank Fred, too -- for taking the time to answer. William T. Howell, in his book on the Hudson Highlands, mentions that the Cronks conducted the old brickyard, I believe. Very likely, it went out of business 150 years ago, so probably nothing much remains. There was a CCC Camp there in the 1930s. Thanks again for your help, --Carol Todd Mark writes: Hello, I am working on a small interior project in my home and wondering the best way to clean the reclaimed Cream city or Chicago bricks that I have before I use them as a veneer on my basement wall. They are pretty grimey and I have tried Oxy Clean. should I try muriatic acid. A reply from Fred R.: Hello Mark, if its the residual mortar and cement, that you wish to remove - scrub the brick in clean water to get off the dirt. Then let the brick soak in clean water for a couple hours to let it fill with water. Now you can dip the brick (or just the surfaces you wish to clean), in muriatic acid. To be safe, wear rubber gloves and goggles. ALSO. be careful and not inhale the fumes from this stuff (meaning the acid) . Just how long you should leave the brick in the acid bath depends on how much mortar is on the brick. If its a new bottle of acid, you are using, let it fizzle for 10 minutes. then remove the brick from the bath and see how clean it is. Being wary of how the brush bristles will spatter the acid, You may wish to scrub the brick with a brush under water to wash off the loose cement and mortar. If there is still an objectionable spot, dip it again. If the soil is tar or paint - Im still looking for an easy way to remove that material, myself. --Fred Rieck This from Leslie Smith: Hello..My great-grandfather was the Babcock in the Moore Babcock Brick Co. of Albany New York. I would love to have a brick from the company M B. Would you advise me on how I could obtain such an item. Thanks A reply from Gregory K James: Leslie, my great aunt was Anna James Babcock, wife of Joshua Babcock and my great grandfather Howard James, worked in the brickyard for over 30 years. I was wondering if you had any luck in tracking down a brick, as I would also like to acquire one for my father. I would also like to hear from you in regards to the family. Thanks and hope to hear from you Gregory: I am forwarding your email to Leslie Smith. Don B. Webmaster I received an email from Leslie-this is fantastic Thanks Don-and thanks for putting together a great website Greg Lili writes: Hello, i would like to find out the pricing of new bricks small and medium or the charge per sq ft is also fine. obrigado. A reply from Webmaster Don: Look here for a company near you or look for Google ads from brick companies sprinkled thruout this web site. More from Dave H: When I was out and about today, I saw a brick with the raised corners that said MAY-AUG PA: hurtlepicsbrixMAYAUGPA. jpg. If its a mystery, it was found in an empty lot next to the old Lackawanna train terminal in Jersey City. The railroad has been defunct for decades so it may have been dumped. It may have read NAY-AUG PA but I assumed those were months. Once again, I left almost everything where it was but I took one home: hurtlepicsbrixWBROS. jpg. It was the only one like it mixed in with hundreds of WASHBURNs. I assume its a Washburn variant not listed on your site. A reply from Webmaster Don: IBCA authority Jim Graves lists the maker of your paver brick as Peter Stipp in Nay Aug, PA (just outside of Scranton). John Renwick writes: I have two bricks which I picked up when the execution chamber in Barlinnie Prison, Glasgow was being converted to normal cells. They are stamped BARLINNIE and they date from circa 1882 which is when the prison was constructed using convict labour. I was a guard at the prison for most of my working life. I assume the bricks must be rare as it is not often that major structural work is done in the prison. Is there a market for these From Ottavio Cinelli: Today my son and I found several SFBC stamped bricks in a creekbed here in N. J. One is in pristine shape and I suspect there are more. I was wondering if they might be worth anything. Regardless, I will save them anyway because I am a history buff, but any information you can provide would be extremely appreciated. I saw them listed here as Sayer and Fisher from Sayerville, NJ. Thank-you, From Mark Falco: I worked summers at the Michael Kane Brick Company of Middletown, Ct. during the late 60s and early 70s while going to college, We used the stove kiln system pictured in your site. The yard was modernized with modern dryers, but the ancient technology, the old clay stamping machine and the drying racks remained on site. The wire-cut bricks eventually put the company out of business. I was always impressed by the number of job titles associated with the process from clay bank to shipping the loaded product. There is nothing to compare with the colors and textures from the wood-fired brick. From Webmaster Don: Thanks Mark for sharing this More from Dave H: I was on the Hudson River in Jersey City, NJ at the end of the long defunct Morris Canal. Im just speculating but the bricks there couldve come from upstate NY, somewhere local in NJ or eastern PA if they arriived via the canal. Ill try to get the tide info as it needs to be at low tide preferably early in the morning when nobodys around. One guy asked me if I was searching for gold. Id love to find a gold brick Here39s an update. I went back and couldn39t locate anything named Mallory or even Malley but I did see a half brick with LLEY on it so I39m guessing I saw a Malley and got the name wrong. Unfortunately, I probably made a mistake with with the CMJ too as I couldn39t locate that one either but I did find an imprint in mortar: After working it out on paper that39s JMC not CMJ so I probably saw a JMC and transposed the letters. In addition to what I mentioned earlier, there is also Garner, Bennet, SampFBCo and Brockway all of which I perceived as common. Now for some stuff I thought was a bit harder to come by. This brick was taken from the rubble of the Lorillard Tobacco Company warehouse: I took this brick home and would like to know more about it if possible. It looks like a backwards A C to me but the C could be be a G. This site says it was built in 1866 but there were an awful lot of Wasburns there too with frogs so maybe it wasn39t all built at the same time. The artists lost the battle and this site will become a 50 story skyscraper designed by trendy architect Rem Koolhaas. Up the road a block I saw this: That39s an O and a J backwards in raised letters. I39m curious about this one too. It39s behind a fence so I may never be able to get it but maybe if I use a broom handle I can snag it. It39s on the site next to the Manischewitz property that will all become this: It isn39t as cheery as it sounds because we39re losing a historic factory, a somewhat historic warehouse and a cobblestone street too. Back to the Morris Canal now for these: This one says (something) E WATER but it39s just a huge mass or mortar with a few bricks inside. It may never be freed: This one says SHAWMUT PA and has four oval raised sections on it. It is also larger than the other red bricks: Here is the only one I brought home from the canal this week: That39s it. The only one39s I39m curious about are the AC and OJ in backwards raised letters with no frog. I just posted the other ones to share. You can post this and my prior messages on your website if you want. If the intent is to let people know where to find bricks then this was the side of the canal at the end of Washington St. not Liberty State Park From Fred Rieck: Dave, re the AC and J. O.--the best I can suggest for an ID are two manufacturers listed in Dan De Noyelles book - Within these Gates . For the A C: Allison (and) Cosgrove of Stony Point, NY ca.1859, and possibly Cornelius Allison for which De N. provides no location. There are several brick trademarks involving Allison and his associates, such as: Allison Wood, Allison, Wood Keenan, Wood Allison and A W A (Allison Wood Allison). These too have large raised letters on their brick - some excluding the (ampersand). However their letter font styles, which are a little smaller in size and feature sans seriff letters, dont quite match the A C font of yours, Dave, nor mine, (which do feature seriff letters) well enough for me to base a selection on just letters - to be confident. Another early mfgr. from Dutchess Junction named Alonzo Covert may be a possibility. Bricks featuring the letter C (in which the C looks as if it is part of a seriff letter font set) are common in the COVERT area. COVERT bricks, marked as such are not common, in my experience. The reversed J. O. (the period vertically centered) may well be that of John Oldfield of Grassy Point. as listed in De Noyelles. The star remains a good mystery. There are some I would attribute to being of NJ mfgr. and some of NY mfgr. A number of the earlier manfrs have used a star (of various sizes and number) as a quick way to but a mark on their brick. Dave, yours seems to be a little different (9 smaller size stars in a non-frog brick) than the ones Im familiar with. Of course the star may be the frog. Fred From Jim Finn: I have a few bricks I collected from my estate in Central Alabama. Im interested in help identifying the age andor history behind the bricks. There was a homestead in the area dated back to the early 1800s. I can send pics if that will help. Any help appreciated. A reply from Fred Rieck: Hi Jim, Being that the home was built in the early 1880s there are a few things you can do which may give you approximation of who and when your bricks may have been made. With the date of the buildings in mind try going to a library checking in with the Local History section. You may also need to consult with any Historical Societies in the area. What you may wish to do is this: find any City Directories that may cover the areavillage in which, or near which, your home was located. and look for brick makers, or brick manufacturers in the classified section of the directory. NOW The directory may not have a classified section (but even if it does) go through the alphabetial section where the local population is listed. With luck, the directory will provide names and business affiliations of the listed individuals, which may include adult children. Back then, brick may have been made on site, as opposed to a permanent (fixed place) brickyard, - by itinerant brick makers - thus the reason for searching lists of people. Another tactic is to find local maps specific to a locality of interest, which may have the names of the property owners, as well as commercial businesses, printed on the map or listed along the border somewhere. These maps may be dated more recent than the build date of the house, but the chances are you can work backwards. That is, if a brickyard can be located on a 1868 map, that yard may have existed previously in 1860 or 1850 or earlier, even though the name of the yard may have changed during those years. Fred Rieck Terry Kayden writes: I have alot of bricks marked Hallwood Block and some with OHIO with raised letters. Anybody with an idea or history reply. From your webmaster: If you have any information for Terry or anyone else here, Contact Us. Thanks D K Henderson writes: Thank you for your website. My dad left a recording of his childhood at Kingston, talking about the brickyards and the limestone quarries. It is interesting to see all the pictures and information. Kim Kaskin-Couto writes: I have a brick with Killian on it found in ruin when lake marion was flooded, have you seen any Or know where from From your Webmaster: I assume you are referring to Lake Marion, South Carolina. In Brick Brands of the United States . Jim Graves lists KILLIAN brick being made by Killian 20th Century in Pensacola, FL. From Tina Kaasmann Dunn: Hello from Staten Island - home of at least 4 brick companys. Just found a brick with the name Shamrock. Any knowledge of this brick. obrigado. Love your web site - havent looked at it all yet. Webmaster Note: Thanks Tina for your kind words. Fred and I are still working on SHAMROCK. Well keep you posted here. Dave H writes: Is it standard practice to clean bricks after theyre hauled in Whats the best way to remove mortar My first day out doing this and I found that only about 1 of the bricks were marked and 99 of the marked bricks were WASHBURN. I also saw Reilly Rose, JJJ, CMJ, Mallory, Brigham, Hutton, Shultz and AW. I couldnt walk back with them all so I took one not listed here - VALENTINE XX. Its a white brick and slightly larger than the typical red ones so Im guessing it had a special purpose. A search for that name results in many adult sites and nothing about bricks so any info on Valentine would be appreciated. Obrigado. From your Webmaster (see also comments tofrom Dave H, above): In Brick Brands of the United States Jim Graves lists VALENTINE XX as being a firebrick made by M. D. Valentine Brothers in Woodbridge, NJ. Firebrick is made of special clays that will withstand the high temperatures of fireplaces, boilers, fireboxes and similar usages without cracking or decomposing. Firebrick is larger than regular structural brick. More info on types of brick can be found here and here. The Woodbridge, NJ web site (twp. woodbridge. nj. usnewseventshistory. html) states, Woodbridge is universally known for its fine clay deposits and its by-products, brick. In 1859, it was said that material for nearly 80,000,000 fire bricks was at that time being sent annually to the market from Woodbridge. In 1866, M. D. Valentine and James R. Valentine commenced business on the present site of the M. D. Valentine and Brothers Co. plant near Spa Spring and the manufacture of lath brick for which J. J. Valentine had been granted a patent the previous year. This brick was to be manufactured in scouring pipe, tile and brick. By 1876, the plant had grown to such proportions that it was capable of making 4,000,000 of these bricks a year. Woodbridge clay and its by-products are known throughout the world. This yard was taken over by A. P. Green who also produced a VALENTINE XX firebrick. For information and pics of A. P. Green Click Here. From Alice Cooper: I live in Palatka, FL where most of the streets are still brick. They are made from GRAVES bricks from Birmingham AL.(1901 era) While walking my dog this morning, and looking at all those bricks, I decided to do a little research on bricks. That was 3 hours ago. and Im still inthralled with your site. So much info, great pics, and wonderful comments. Ive found out so much about the few bricks I have collected. Thanks for the great site. Webmaster Note: Alice, thanks for your nice comments From the Flagler County web site (flaglercounty. orgbrickrdbrick. htm): The Graves Brick Company was organized by William H. Graves in the early twentieth century. A native of Knoxville, Tennessee, Graves earned a law degree at the College of William and Mary, and returned to Tennessee to open a law firm. After the Civil War, he moved to Montgomery, Alabama and then relocated to Birmingham, in 1890. Graves maintained his law practice and invested in real estate. Soon, he began constructing buildings for investment and on speculation, and organized a brick company to supply materials for those projects. The City of Birminghams street paving program offered additional opportunities in the manufacturing of vitrified bricks. By 1901, Graves had organized the GravesShale Brick Company. Over the following two decades, he also organized the Graves-Matthews Paving Company and the Graves-Gunster Paving Company, both with men who married his daughters. H. S. Matthews briefly served as general manager for the brick and paving businesses before moving to Florida. By 1915, the Graves Company had sold millions of bricks, both the common typefor use in the construction of buildings and vitrified type for street and road construction. Eventually, Graves combined the brick and paving businesses, which he closed about 1920. By then, Graves was among the most prominent attorneys and property owners in Birmingham. Most of the bricks forming Old Dixie Highway in Flagler County were made by Graves. From Wikipedia (en. wikipedia. orgwikiPalatka, Florida): on November 7, 1884, Palatka suffered a devastating fire. Guests arrived that season to find no accommodations, and so continued on the train south -- the beginning of a gradual tourism shift elsewhere. It would also lose trade, shipping and transportation preeminence to Jacksonville. Nevertheless, with its downtown rebuilt in brick to be fireproof, Palatka emerged a finer place. For some great articles on Floridas Old Brick Road go HERE. Jim Finn writes: I have a few bricks I collected from my estate in Central Alabama. Im interested in help identifying the age andor history behind the bricks. There was a homestead in the area dated back to the early 1800s. I can send pics if that will help. Any help appreciated. This from Robin K Robson: Hi My family owned Robsons Brickyard and Works in Buffalo, NY during the later 1800s. With all relatives gone, I have no information regarding the business and would really appreciate some guidence. Many thanks, Robin Robson. Chad Reid writes: We are demolishing a building at Fort Sam Houston, Texas (circa mid-1880s). The bricks are all labeled Sayre Fisher Co.. Does anyone know about how old these bricks are From Webmaster Don: You will find info on Sayre Fisher on our website HERE. Bill Usher writes: I recently found buried under my bayshide lawn, 3 Ferris, Houston bricks with a small sailboat imprint (about 1 size) in the upper corners. One imprint is of an old fashioned sloop the other imprint is a schooner. Never seen an additional imprint like that. What was that about This is from Jackie: Hi, we have found some old bricks in Moriches Bay, Long Island stamped Shamrock and Sage around a home with a bulkhead built around 1905. Do you know anything about these bricks Thank you Hi Jackie, There is a listing for SAGE BRICK CO. in the 1910 Greenport LI. Phone Book. Also, on page 52 of the 1934 Eastern Long Island Almanac and Guidebook in the Business Directory under Greenport is this ad: THE SAGE BRICK MANUFACTURING COMPANY--Brick by Truck to any Eastern L. I. point--Main Road--Phone 3 (Sources: longislandgenealogyalmanac. pdf geocitiesdodiknappGrounds. html) And there is the Brick Cove Marina on Sage Blvd in Southhold, NY (they also list an address at 1670 Sage Boulevard Greenport, NY). Fred and I are still working on the origin of SHAMROCK brick. --Don B. webmaster Howard writes: Does anyone know if there are any brick pavers for sale that were part of the Cherryvale street paving about 100 years ago Please publish my email as: howie. d AT gmail dot com. Gary Barrieau Comments: I have some Graves bricks--does anyone know anything about them From your Webmaster: Gary, scroll up to read about GRAVES Brick. This from Britt: We found a brick marked N. ADAMS (where both the N and S are backwards. Do you know if this was one of Nathaniel Adams bricks I cant find any information this brick anywhere. Thanks for any information you could provide. Britt (in Florida) From Daniel Beck: In response to Jack Donohue: I came here to learn more about Dolan bricks myself, because I too am related to the Dolan family. My great-grandmother was Rita Dolan, wife of James Dolan, of the Dolan Brick family. I have 75 of a Dolan brick, but I am looking for a complete brick. From Chester Hartwell: Love your website, well done I came across a collection of Hudson Bricks at the Hurley Heritage Society this fall. They also have a WASHBURN brick mold. I have some photos and have attempted an inventory here: I had been looking into the Kingston bluestone industry because the village intended to dispose of some slabs near their park playground. I found some other slabs on display in Kingston, then Hurley, where I foun d the brick collection. I intend to lobby them to get them off the floor and away from the ground water leak and to catalog them better. Can you recommend proper conservation techniques for the bricks and the brick mold. I grew up on Long Island and only knew NASSAU bricks, which I have since read a little on. Your website answered many of my questions about how the industry made bricks--the photos are invaluable. An acquaintance from the Saugerties Historical Society--maiden name is Washburn. I informed her of the Hurley Washburn brick mold and she wrote: Thanks Chester for the info. Go on to the Mayone site. That was my Aunt Deloress family. She was married to my mothers brother Joe and they lived in the old homestead at the entrance to Bishops Gate. She was much younger than my Uncle Joe. They actually did live in a Villa that is located as soon as you go over the railroad tracks and the drive to the right off of Ulster Ave. I remember going there as a child and it was really beautiful. I think it is in disrepair now and it has changed owners and they may have converted it into apartments. I have home movies of it. Thanks again for the web site. I was interested in why the Rt 209 through Hurley was so wide. Recently I learned that that new nature trail was the OW right of way. I took an old OW RR Hurley station photo and approximated the same POV and crudely married the two photos using my VISIO drawing program. I have since sent it off to the town historian who wants to use it. I wonder what bricks were used. I also got to meet Rob Yasinsac this fall, another interested party. Happy Holidays Chester From Webmaster Don B.: Heres the WASHBURN mold Chester mentioned: Click these links to see his other photos: HURLEY 1 CLICK HERE to share your knowledge and answer some of the questions above, to send us your comments and questions, or to tell us about your collection. More Comments from Our Visitors and More Brix Pix On Next Page-- Search BrickCollecting:ALEXANDER SHEPHERD AND THE MAKING OF MODERN WASHINGTON On Monday, November 7, John P. Richardson introduced his new biography about Washingtonrsquos territorial governor (1873-74), Alexander Robey Shepherd and the Making of Modern Washington. The photos presented in the power point graphically illustrated the impact of road-building and other infrastructure projects on post-Civil War Washington, which had been left largely without trees or paved streets after the conflict. One slide showed the c. 1800 mansion Duddington (sited near 2nd and E streets, SE) perched at least 25rsquo above a newly cut road ndash an example of one of the consequences of regrading hilly streets. Although the governor was sometimes referred to as ldquoBossrdquo Shepherd, Richardson maintained that, based on his research, Shepherd was neither a ldquoBossrdquo in the political sense of the term nor corrupt, although there were about 12 million in cost overruns at the end and much of the work was slipshod due to haste. However, Richardson credits Shepherd with having put ldquoflesh on the bones of LrsquoEnfantrsquos plansrdquo and with helping force Congress to accept its responsibility for maintenance of the city. Richardson became interested in Shepherd when he lived in DCrsquos Shepherd Park neighborhood, just a short distance from the site of Shepherdrsquos summer home, Bleak House. He is a retired intelligence and a Middle East expert. The Overbeck Lectures are sponsored by the Capitol Hill Community Foundation. Please remember CHCF in your charitable giving. Meinke Presents Virtual Tour of Capitol Hills Rainbow History On September 19, Mark Meinke presented a virtual walking tour of Capitol Hill sites notable in the LGBTQ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer) movement of the 1960s - 1990s. During that time Capitol Hill was one of the quotgo-toquot areas for gay and lesbian activism and socializing in Washington. In his lecture quottourquot, Meinke described bars and night clubs that offered a friendly atmosphere, and, in time, same sex dancing and drag shows as well as other local sites such as Lammas Books, a book and crafts store and unofficial community center for the citys lesbian community The Furies Collective, a 12-woman feminist separatist collective publishing an influential newspaper and the Guild Press, publisher of novels, guides, and physique magazines for the national gay male market, that later figured in a significant Supreme Court ruling on obscenity law. The quottourquot covered events and sites all over Capitol Hill -- from the H Street corridor, Pennsylvania Avenue SE, 8th Street SE (Barracks Row) and the South Capitol area near M and O streets (the present Ball Park District). After the power point presentation, audience members participated in a Q amp A session, contributing their personal stories and suggesting other significant people, sites and events to add to Capitol Hills Rainbow History. Meinke is a member of the National Park Services Scholars Roundtable for its LGBTQ Heritage Initiative. He was also co-founder of both the Rainbow History Project (a local historical organization that provides a web-based digitized archive of primary documents) and the Rainbow Heritage Network (organized for the recognition and preservation of national LGBTQ sites, history and heritage). He prepared the nominations for the Capitol Hill Furies Collective (219-11th Street SE) and for the Bayard Rustin home at 340 W. 28th Street in New York City that were recently added to the National Register of Historic Places. Park Service Curators Describe Frederick Douglasss Years in Washington On the evening of May 9, 2018, a capacity crowd gathered in the Lincoln room at Hill Center for an illustrated lecture on Frederick Douglasss years in Washington by National Park Service museum curators Bob Sonderman and Kamal McClarin . Their presentation included a display of some of the great abolitionists personal possessions, including his Bible and an oratorical instruction book that he credited with teaching him how to communicate effectively. Douglass, who escaped from slavery in Maryland in 1838 and became a powerful voice for African American freedom and civil rights, spent a significant part of his later life in the District of Columbia, including seven years in the Capitol Hill neighborhood and 18 years at Cedar Hill in Anacostia. Sonderman is regional curator for the National Park Service National Capital Region, with responsibility for the long-term care and preservation of museum property for over forty parks in Maryland, Virginia, West Virginia and the District of Columbia. He also directs the National Park Service Museum Resource Center, a vast storage facility for museum collections providing curatorial support to the parks of the National Capital Region. McClarin is curator of the Frederick Douglass National Historic Site here (the Cedar Hill property) and was the editor of Frederick Douglass: A Voice for Freedom and Justice . He also serves as curator-at-large for other National Capital Parks East historic sites, including the Mary McLeod Bethune Council House and the Carter G. Woodson National Historic Site. He earned his Ph. D. in U. S. public history and museum studies at Howard University in 2018 and has served the National Park Service since 2007. Senate Historian Recalls Emily Edson Briggs of The Maples On November 9, 2018, U. S. Senate historian emeritus Donald Ritchie presented a delightful Overbeck History Lecture on the life and times of Emily Edson Briggs . A leading Washington hostess in the late nineteenth century, Briggs won renown by writing a colorful, irreverent newspaper column under the pen name quotOlivia, quot in which she presented the capitals political scene as social entertainment. During the Lincoln administration, Briggs became the first woman to report directly from the White House, and later she was among the first to be admitted to the congressional press gallery. She was elected founding president of the Womens National Press Association in 1882, and in 1906 a collection of her columns was published as The Olivia Letters. Ritchie noted that during the latter part of her life, Briggs lived at The Maples, the grand old home at 630 South Carolina Avenue S. E. that eventually became Friendship House and, in 2018, a multi-unit residential development. The house was built in 1796 for the wealthy landowner William Duncanso n, and it was later owned briefly by Francis Scott Key . In addition to his discussion of Briggs, Ritchie described the plight of other nineteenth century women reporters, who faced major obstacles in their efforts to break into the mans world of Washington journalism. Ritchie is the author of several books, including Reporting from Washington: A History of the Washington Press Corps and Press Gallery: Congress and the Washington Correspondents . which includes a chapter on Briggs. He joined the Senate Historical Office in 1976 and served as U. S. Senate historian until his retirement in the spring of 2018. He is a former president of the Oral History Association and also served on the councils of the American Historical Association and the Society for History in the Federal Government. His historical commentaries have been heard frequently on C-SPAN, NPR and other news outlets. John Edward Hasse Takes Us Back to Duke Ellingtons Washington Washington proudly hails Duke Ellington as a native son, but what was it about this city and its U Street neighborhood in the early twentieth century that produced and inspired the worlds greatest jazz composer On September 21, 2018, the Overbeck History Project kicked off a new lecture season in a new venue - Hill Centers Lincoln room - with an exploration of Duke Ellingtons Washington. John Edward Hasse . curator of American music at the Smithsonians National Museum of American History, presented an illustrated tour of the saloons, soda fountains and other performance venues where the young Duke Ellingtons ears were tuned to a new kind of music. Hasse is the award-winning author of Beyond Category: The Life and Genius of Duke Ellington and editor of the illustrated history Jazz: The First Century . He led the Smithsonians acquisition of the 200,000-page Duke Ellington archive, including virtually all of the composers unpublished music, along with countless other papers, recordings and artifacts from the early days of jazz. He was the founding executive director of the Smithsonians Jazz Masterworks Orchestra and producer of numerous recordings, including the Grammy-nominated three-album set The Classic Hoagy Carmichael. This lecture was the first event for the Overbeck series at Hill Center after thirteen years at the Naval Lodge a few blocks up Pennsylvania Avenue. The new relationship streamlines reservations and other event logistics and also provides lecture goers easier access from the Eastern Market Metro station. Copies of Hasses Beyond Category . plus Jazz: The First Century and the Hoagy Carmichael recordings, were available for sale and signing at the end of the event. Voorheis Gives Book Talk on the Washington Arsenal Explosion On April 14, 2018, Erin Bergin Voorheis delivered a richly illustrated Overbeck History Lecture based on her late fathers book on the Washington Arsenal explosion of 1864. The little-remembered conflagration that rocked the city on a sweltering day in June killed twenty-one women, most of them very young, as they assembled and packaged ammunition for the Union war effort in a gunpowder-laden building at the site of present-day Fort McNair. The incident, Voorheis noted, serves as a dramatic reminder of a new phenomenon that came with the Civil War mobilization - the hiring of thousands of women in Washington and around the country to staff government offices and war-related manufacturing plants as men left in droves for military service. Her lecture also offered an interesting look at quotthe Island, quot the Washington neighborhood (essentially the citys Southwest quadrant) where the Arsenals low-paid workers lived and struggled to survive. Voorheiss father, Brian Bergin, finished writing The Washington Arsenal Explosion in 2009 but died before it could be published Voorheis stepped in as editor and took the book to publication in 2018. The author, a former Peace Corps volunteer, Vietnam veteran, teacher and employee of the AFL-CIO, was a historian by avocation with a particular interest in the Civil War. His daughter is a professional writer and editor who says she inherited her love of American history from him. Washingtonians familiar with Congressional Cemetery may have noted a stone monument there which commemorates the women who died in the Arsenal explosion. It was paid for with donations from the victims fellow workers and other laboring people around the city. This lecture was our last to be held at the grand old Naval Lodge Hall at 330 Pennsylvania Avenue S. E. In September 2018, the series moved to Hill Center at the Old Naval Hospital, the beautifully restored arts, culture and education center at 921 Pennsylvania S. E. Carol Booker Recalls a Reporter quotAlone atop the Hillquot On February 24, 2018, author and attorney Carol McCabe Booker delivered a spirited Overbeck Lecture based on the newly republished autobiography of Alice Dunnigan, who overcame both race and gender barriers as the first black woman to break into the national press corps in Washington. Although well received when she self-published it in 1974, Dunnigans memoir (originally titled A Black Womans Experience: from Schoolhouse to the White House ) is long out of print. Booker was convinced that with her editing and additional annotation, it would be a compelling read for a general audience today, and the University of Georgia Press agreed. The new, retitled edition, Alone atop the Hill . follows Dunnigan from her childhood as the daughter of a sharecropper and laundress in Kentucky to her arrival in World War II Washington, where she worked first as a typist and eventually as a reporter. Ultimately she would become the first black female journalist accredited to the White House and credentialed by the House and Senate Press Galleries and the first to travel with a U. S. president (Harry Truman). She was also the first reporter to question President Eisenhower about civil rights, and provided coverage of virtually every racial issue before the Congress, the federal courts and the executive branch for more than a hundred black newspapers. But far more than a recitation of firsts, Booker noted, Dunnigans memoir provides an uninhibited and unvarnished look at the terrain, the players and the politics in a national capital struggling to make its way through a racial revolution. Carol Booker is coauthor with her husband, journalist Simeon Booker, of the highly acclaimed history Shocking the Conscience: A Reporters Account of the Civil Rights Movement . which served as the basis for their excellent, jointly presented Overbeck lecture in April of 2018. She has written and edited for Voice of America . freelanced for the Washington Post, Readers Digest, Ebony, Jet . and Black Stars . and reported from Africa, including the Nigerian warfront, for Westinghouse Broadcasting (Group W). Activist Tells Why DC Has No Vote in Congress On November 17, 2018, local historian and political activist Nelson Rimensnyder delivered an Overbeck history lecture that attempted to explain why citizens of Washington, DC still have no voting representation in Congress. His account ranged from the prescription for a separate federal district as set forth in the U. S. Constitution to the failure of an effort in the 1970s to enact a constitutional amendment that would have rectified the problem. Rimensnyder is a longtime student of DC history and champion of DC home rule. During his career at the Library of Congress (1970-1975) and then as director of research for the House Committee on the District of Columbia (1975-1992), he compiled what he describes as quotthe only existing comprehensive archive on the history of the complex DC-Federal relationship. quot He has been intensively involved in local historic preservation efforts and has served on the boards of the Historical Society of Washington, DC and the Association of the Oldest Inhabitants of the District of Columbia, in addition to running unsuccessfully for DC public office. Historian Summarizes U. S. Marine Bands First Two Centuries On Tuesday, September 16, the U. S. Marine Bands historian, Gunnery Sergeant Kira Wharton . delivered an Overbeck History Lecture on the origins of the band at the end of the 18th century and its long and colorful history in our neighborhood. Known as quotthe Presidents Own, quot the Marine Band is Americas oldest continuously active professional musical organization and has performed for every U. S. president since John Adams. With its unique mission to provide music for the President and the Commandant of the Marine Corps, it has grown from a handful of fifers and drummers to one of the premiere musical organizations in the world, with more than 150 musicians and support staff. Its offerings include not only band music but chamber music, jazz, pop - most anything the President and the public want to hear. A highly skilled musician in her own right with a doctorate in musical arts from the University of Iowa, GySgt Wharton joined the Marine Band as a librarian in 2003, with duties including the preparation of music for performances by the band and the Marine Chamber Orchestra. She was appointed assistant chief in 2008 and historian in 2018. Her lecture included musical samplings from the bands storied past and generated a lively discussion with our audience. Information on the Marine Bands history can be found at: marineband. marines. milAboutOurHistory. aspx Author Tells How Shakespeare Library Came to Capitol Hill On April 8, 2018, Stephen H. Grant delivered an outstanding Overbeck History Lecture on the lives of Henry and Emily Folger, who amassed the worldrsquos greatest collection of Shakespeare treasures, including 82 First Folios, and built a library on Capitol Hill to house them. Based on his highly praised book Collecting Shakespeare . Grant described how the Folgers financed their collecting hobby with the fortune Henry earned as president of Standard Oil of New York and how they secretly acquired prime real estate near the Library of Congress for a facility that would include a reading room, a public exhibition hall and an Elizabethan-style theater. A former Foreign Service officer, Grant has authored five books, including a biography of Peter Strickland, a New London, CT sea captain who became the first American consul in French West Africa. His book on the Folgers was preceded by his article in the June 2018 issue of Washington History . ldquoA Most Interesting and Attractive Problem: Creating Washingtonrsquos Folger Shakespeare Library. rdquo Grant earned a B. A. at Amherst College (from which Henry Folger graduated in 1879), an M. A. with the Middlebury College program in Paris, and an Ed. D. at the University of Massachusetts. After serving as a Peace Corps volunteer in Ivory Coast, he pursued a career with the U. S. Agency for International Development, with assignments in Ivory Coast and Guinea, Egypt, Indonesia, and El Salvador. He serves now as a Senior Fellow at the Association for Diplomatic Studies and Training in Arlington, VA. Walt Whitman Scholar Describes the Poets Years in Washington An enthusiastic crowd filled the Naval Lodge Hall on the evening of Tuesday, November 5, 2018, to hear Martin G. Murray discuss Walt Whitmans immersion in the life of his adopted city, Washington, DC, during the Civil War and the following decade. Whitman arrived in the nations capital in 1863 in search of his brother, who had been wounded in the war, and became a regular visitor at the makeshift hospitals that had sprung up all over the city to tend to the thousands of Union casualties. He stayed on to serve as a federal clerk and formed strong friendships with several of the citys leading figures, including the naturalist John Burroughs, while also writing some of his most notable poetry based on his experiences in the city. Martin Murray serves as an economist at the U. S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission and is also an independent writer and researcher with deep expertise on the life of Whitman. He founded The Washington Friends of Walt Whitman. leads walking tours of the poets 19th century D. C. haunts, and has written and lectured widely on this giant of American literature for both academic and nonacademic audiences. He has been published in The Walt Whitman Quarterly Review, The Yale University Library Gazette, Washington History Magazine, The Walt Whitman Encyclopedia . and Blackwells Companion to Walt Whitman . as well as on The Classroom Electric and Walt Whitman Archive websites. Murray has discovered several pieces of Whitmans uncollected prose journalism, provided biographical information on soldiers appearing in Whitmans Memoranda During the War . and written a biography of the poets companion Peter Doyle. He also served on the coordinating committee for quotMelville and Whitman in Washington: The Civil War Years and Afterquot sponsored by the Melville Society and hosted by George Washington University. Local Historian Depicts a City Transformed by War On September 17, 2018, Lucinda Prout Janke kicked off a new season of the Overbeck History Lectures with an illustrated look at Washington, DC during the Civil War. A small, essentially Southern city when the conflicts first shots were fired in 1861, Washington underwent explosive growth and profound cultural change as tens of thousands of Union soldiers poured in to defend the vulnerable capital and dozens of makeshift hospitals sprang up to care for the wounded and dying. Jankes presentation was based on her new book, A Guide to Civil War Washington, D. C., published by The History Press. Now an independent historian, Janke has served as curator of the Kiplinger Washington Collection and collections manager of the Historical Society of Washington, D. C. She has authored a number of books and articles on aspects of the citys history and delivered many lectures, including three previous Overbeck Lectures. The well-attended event was held at the Naval Lodge Hall at 330 Pennsylvania Ave. S. E. and concluded with an author book signing. Eyewitness to the Civil Rights Revolution Looks Back Seven Decades Award-winning journalist Simeon Booker . who wrote for leading U. S. news publications for more than seven decades, joined us on the evening of April 16, 2018, for a discussion of his coverage of the U. S. civil rights struggle from the mid-twentieth century onward. Bookers recently published Shocking the Conscience: A Reporters Account of the Civil Rights Movement recounts the days when quotthe man from Jetquot regularly put his life on the line as he ventured into the deep South to cover lunch counter sit-ins, the Selma to Montgomery march and other events that eventually forced open the regions schools, public accommodations and voting booths to people of all races. The book was written in collaboration with the authors wife, Carol McCabe Booker, an attorney and former journalist, who also joined in the April 16 discussion with lecture series coordinator John Franzeacuten. Born in Maryland in 1918 and raised in Youngstown, Ohio, Simeon Booker contributed pieces to the Baltimore Afro-American newspaper while still in high school and landed a full-time reporting job there after graduating from Virginia Union University. He later wrote for the Cleveland Call and Post and was awarded a Nieman Fellowship for a year of study at Harvard University. In 1951 Booker became the first black staff reporter at The Washington Post, but after two years he left to serve as an associate editor at Jet and Ebony magazines. He became their Washington bureau chief and White House correspondent in 1955 and continued in those roles for 52 years, covering 10 presidents and virtually every major story of the modern civil rights movement. He is remembered especially for his courageous reporting on the 1955 killing of Chicago teenager Emmett Till in Mississippi and the subsequent murder trial, a case that sparked outrage among African Americans and new demands for racial justice. The Bookers have lived on Capitol Hill since 1973. Shocking the Conscience is available at local book stores and at Amazon . Mike Canning Returns to ldquoHollywood on the Potomacrdquo A capacity crowd gathered at the Naval Lodge Hall on the evening of February 5, 2018, to welcome back Mike Canning and hear him share his encyclopedic knowledge of Hollywood movies set in Washington. Canning delivered a superb Overbeck Lecture in 2007 on the amusing and often inaccurate ways that the movie industry has depicted our home town, and that presentation eventually evolved into a book: Hollywood on the Potomac: How the Movies View Washington, DC. Canningrsquos new lecture, based on the book, included images from films spanning more than half a century. Canning has written movie reviews for the Hill Rag since retiring from the Foreign Service in 1993, and maintains a website (mikesflix ) featuring film reviews and essays. He was a programmer and commentator for ten years for the Capitol Hill Arts Workshoprsquos classic films series and a long-time officer with the Capitol Hill Restoration Society and a Hill Center board member. He also served on the founding board of Capitol Hill Village. He and his wife Judy have lived on the Hill, on and off, since 1965. Hollywood on the Potomac is available for purchase at local shops and at Amazon. Tersh Boasberg Tells the DC Historic Preservation Success Story Our November 20, 2018, Overbeck History Lecture featured an illustrated talk by DC historic preservation champion Tersh Boasberg, based on his 11-year tenure as chairman of the Districtrsquos Historic Preservation Review Board. Looking at designation and design review in Washingtonrsquos historic districts, he presented case after case from the past decade where economic development was allowed to go forward while maintaining the visual integrity of historic structures. A noted author, professor of preservation law and protector of Civil War sites, Boasberg is a legend among local preservationists. He is the past president and a founder of the Cleveland Park Historical Society, which successfully preserved the third largest historic district in the city, and is also a former chair of the Committee of 100 on the Federal City, a past trustee of the National Building Museum, and a past president of the Alliance to Preserve the Civil War Defenses of Washington. As counsel to the Brandy Station Foundation in Culpeper County, Virginia, he led the nine-year legal fight which preserved over 1,500 pristine acres of the largest cavalry battle of the Civil War, and was also attorney for the conservation groups in the Virginia Piedmont that stopped the proposed Disney theme park at Manassas. Morley Recounts Washingtonrsquos First Race Riot and Its Troubling Aftermath The Overbeck Lecture Series launched a new season on September 18, 2018, with a gripping account of Washingtonrsquos first race riot and the criminal trials that followed, prosecuted by the cityrsquos politically ambitious district attorney, Francis Scott Key. Washington writer Jefferson Morley told the harrowing tale, based on his book Snow-Storm in August: Washington City, Francis Scott Key, and the Forgotten Race Riot of 1835 . The title is a reference to Beverly Snow, a former slave whose successful restaurant at Sixth and Pennsylvania N. W. was ransacked by a white mob driven by fears of a slave rebellion. By 1835, freed African Americans in Washington outnumbered those still in bondage, and racial tensions were running high. On the night of August 4th, a drunken slave, Arthur Bowen, stumbled into the bedroom of his owner, Anna Thornton, carrying an ax. Although he did not attack or directly threaten her, the ensuing alarm precipitated a charge of attempted murder and ignited a race riot that engulfed the city for three days. In its aftermath, attorney, poet and slave-holder Francis Scott Key conducted a set of prosecutions that do not reflect well on the ldquoStar-Spangled Bannerrdquo author. Snow-Storm in August author Jefferson Morley has worked as an editor and reporter for Salon . The Washington Post . The Nation . The New Republic and Harperrsquos Magazine . and his account of this largely forgotten chapter of our history has won high critical praise. He can be reached through his publisher at JeffersonMorley . Mary Z. Gray Delights Us with Memories of the 1920s What was it like to live on Capitol Hill nine decades ago On March 18, 2018, Mary Z. Gray brought that era back to life in a superb Overbeck History Lecture based on readings from her new book 301 East Capitol: Tales From the Heart of the Hill. A capacity crowd at the Naval Lodge Hall heard the 93-year-old author recall a neighborhood served by lamplighter, iceman and horse-drawn produce wagon, where a child could wander at will around the Capitol grounds and within the Capitol itself. She recounted being taken to the White House in 1925 to meet President Coolidge and described her colorful family, who had inhabited the Hill for five generations. Gray grew up above her familys inherited funeral parlor at 301 East Capitol Street, a building owned today by the Folger Shakespeare Library. A writer all her adult life, she got her first byline in The Washington Post in 1940, served as a speechwriter in the Kennedy-Johnson White House, and contributed witty, flawlessly crafted articles to The Post, The New York Times and other publications for over half a century. In 2007 she was contacted by Overbeck Project volunteers who were seeking an oral history interview. The encounter led instead to her writing 301 East Capitol . which was published in 2018 by a newly launched Overbeck History Press. The book is available for purchase at local shops and at Amazon . Cindy Hays Digs into Congressional Cemeteryrsquos Past 150 and Its Restoration On February 7, 2018, a capacity crowd at the Naval Lodge Hall enjoyed a highly informative illustrated talk by Cindy Hays on the history of Congressional Cemetery and the neighborhoodrsquos successful efforts to rescue the site from decades of decline and neglect. The 30-acre cemetery, which is owned by Christ Church, has served the Capitol Hill community for more than two centuries. Hays served for four years as executive director of the Association for the Preservation of The Historic Congressional Cemetery, the local citizens organization that has restored and refurbished the storied resting place and made it a source of pride for the neighborhood. Among the many historic figures buried there are Matthew Brady, John Philip Sousa, J. Edgar Hoover and dozens of members of Congress. You can learn more about Congressional Cemeteryrsquos history and its remarkable comeback at congressionalcemetery. org. Gordon Brown Tells of quotThe Captain Who Burned His Shipsquot On November 8, 2018, local author Gordon S. Brown delivered an Overbeck History Lecture on the growth of the Washington Navy Yard under its first commandant, Captain Thomas Tingey, and the terrible choice he faced during the British invasion of 1814. Based on his book The Captain Who Burned His Ships . Brown traced the Yards history during the quarter century of Tingeys command - a period when that part of our neighborhood was known to many as Navy Yard Hill. At the time, Brown noted, the Yard was a larger employer than the U. S. Congress and a dominant factor in Capitol Hills social and economic life. A retired diplomat, Gordon Brown has authored several other books, including Incidental Architect . on William Thornton and his influence on early Washington cultural history. He had a 35-year career in the U. S. Foreign Service, where his many postings included director of Arab Gulf Affairs in the State Department, political advisor to General Norman Schwarzkopf during the 1991 Gulf War, and ambassador to Mauritania. Writer on Prohibition Reveals ldquoHow Dry We Werenrsquotrdquo The Overbeck History Lecture Series kicked off a new season on September 13, 2018, with an entertaining look at Prohibition-era Washington, where thirsty locals could choose among nearly three thousand speakeasies and publicly teetotaling congressmen gave a supplier of spirits safe harbor within the U. S. Capitol. Based on his book Prohibition in Washington, DC: How Dry We Werenrsquot, literary journalist Garrett Peck described an underground city of amateur bootleggers largely untouched by organized crime and the efforts of local authorities to put them out of business. He traced the main trends and forces that brought Prohibition into being, including the rise of anti-Catholic and anti-German sentiment across the country, the passage of a federal income tax in 1913, which made the U. S. government less reliant on liquor taxes, and, perhaps most important, the success of the womenrsquos suffrage movement, which had formed a powerful alliance with the temperance movement. Peck also noted that Congress imposed a ban on intoxicating beverage sales in Washington, DC before Prohibition was adopted nationally, on the mistaken assumption that the capital would serve as a ldquodryrdquo model for the rest of the country. A frequent public speaker on the social history of alcohol, Peck is also the author of The Prohibition Hangover: Alcohol in America from Demon Rum to Cult Cabernet. His Temperance Tour of Prohibition-related sites in the nationrsquos capital has been featured on C-SPANrsquos Book TV. He can be reached at GarrettPeck . Mort Reviews the History of the Old Naval Hospital On April 19, 2018, as renovation of the Old Naval Hospital at 9th and Pennsylvania S. E. was nearing completion, art and architectural historian Kamissa Mort delivered an excellent Overbeck Lecture detailing the sitersquos 145-year history. The Capitol Hill landmark, now reborn as the Hill Center, was built to treat wounded Navy veterans of the Civil War. Over the years, however, it evolved from hospital, to medical training school, to old soldiers and sailors home, to office space for various DC agencies and public service efforts, and eventually it fell into serious disrepair and neglect. In 2002, concerned Capitol Hill residents formed the Old Naval Hospital Foundation to rehabilitate the facility and make it a center for lifelong learning, cultural events and community life (HillCenterDC. org ). Speaking to a capacity crowd at the Naval Lodge Hall, Mort based her lecture on the documentation, photos and artifacts that have been collected by a number of neighborhood researchers to create the Hill Centerrsquos permanent history exhibit. A significant part of her presentation was devoted to the question of who designed the hospital, which was completed in 1866. Although no building plans or other records have been found to identify the architect, Mort made a strong case that the likely designer was the hospitalrsquos builder, Ammi B. Young, who is known to have designed a number of similar mid-19th century public buildings, including military hospitals. Mort earned a masters degree in the history of decorative arts and architecture from the Smithsonianrsquos joint program with the Corcoran College of Art and Design, and has worked as a visitor guide and historian at the U. S. Capitol. In 2010 she curated an exhibit on Arctic explorer and artist Russell W. Porter at the National Archives. Kathy Smith Tracks the Development of Washingtonrsquos Neighborhoods On March 8, 2018, Kathryn Schneider Smith presented an outstanding Overbeck History Lecture based on her newly updated book Washington at Home: An Illustrated History of Neighborhoods in the Nationrsquos Capital . Using Capitol Hill as a starting point, she explained how DC became a city of neighborhoods, weaving their stories together to reveal pivotal events and themes in the cityrsquos history as hometown and nationrsquos capital. The product of 26 local historians, the book includes two chapters written for the first edition by Ruth Ann Overbeck, to whom the book is dedicated. Smith is an urban and social historian who has specialized in Washingtonrsquos history as an author, editor and teacher, and as creator of numerous local history projects and exhibits. Shersquos the founding executive director of Cultural Tourism DC, a coalition of arts and heritage organizations dedicated to promoting all of Washington as a cultural destination. Shersquos also a past president of the Historical Society of Washington, DC and the founding editor of its magazine Washington History . A former resident of Capitol Hill, she lives now with her husband Sam in Freeport, Maine, and chairs the Board of Advisors for the National Trust for Historic Preservation. Washington At Home is available for purchase online and at Riverby Books on East Capitol Street. Senate Historian Depicts the Engineer and the Artist Who Transformed the U. S. Capitol On the evening of November 9, 2010, U. S. Senate Historian Donald Ritchie presented an outstanding Overbeck History Lecture on the spectacularly productive relationship between American Army engineer Montgomery Meigs and the Italian fresco painter Constantine Brumidi as they transformed the interior of the U. S. Capitol during the buildings mid-19th century expansion. Many American artists and critics were incensed at the idea that the decoration of the Capitols walls and ceilings should be entrusted to an Italian immigrant, but General Meigs staunchly defended his choice of Brumidi. The ambitious engineer, who not only supervised construction the House and Senate wings and the stately dome we see today but made major changes to the architectural plan as he did so, described Brumidi as an artist quotfull of genius and talentquot who could design quotwith a fertility which is astonishing to me. quot Their partnership would end during the Civil War, but Brumidi devoted another twenty years to the work he began under Meigs supervision, gracing the Capitol with vivid scenes from American history mixed with figures from classical mythology. The Senate Historian based his presentation in part on the contents of Meigs diaries, which were only recently translated from their original shorthand. Ritchie is a frequent contributor of historical commentary on C-SPAN and NPR, and has also published a number of books, including Press Gallery: Congress and the Washington Correspondents Reporting from Washington: The History of the Washington Press Corp Electing FDR: The New Deal Campaign of 1932 and The U. S. Congress: A Very Short Introduction . Rogers Reveals the Early Days of Washington Streetcars With streetcar lines about to reappear in Washington after a half-century absence, transportation planner and DC historian Lee H. Rogers launched our 2010-11 lecture season on Tuesday, October 12, with a richly illustrated look at Washington streetcars of the 19th century. Starting with the horse-drawn streetcars in the 1860s, our city saw a proliferation of streetcar styles, lines and companies over the next hundred years. An international transportation consultant and economist, Rogers has pursued a decades-long interest in transportation history. Hersquos a founding member of the Washington Streetcar Museum and the Baltimore Streetcar Museum, and has documented the histories of DC neighborhoods. He possesses tens of thousands of historic images of DC area streetcars, trains, bridges and other transportation infrastructure, many of them inherited from the late historian and collector Robert Truax. Gary Scott Elucidates Freemasonry in Washington 150 and Our Neighborhood On April 20, 2010, National Park Service historian Gary Scott treated a rapt audience at the Naval Lodge Hall to a well-researched account of the role of Freemasonry in Washingtonrsquos history, with a particular focus on the Naval Lodge itself. A longtime tour leader for Smithsonian Resident Associates, Scott explored the history and iconography of the lodge at 4th and Pennsylvania S. E. where all Overbeck lectures are held. The lodge was founded in 1805 by officers and workers at the Navy Yard and went on to became a major institution in our community. In addition to recounting the institutionrsquos history, Scott offered explanations of the symbols and murals adorning the lodgersquos Egyptian revival style meeting hall, which was built in 1895. Scott also discussed the extensive Masonic involvement in the building of Washington, including construction of the White House and the Capitol, and offered a touching remembrance of our projectrsquos namesake, Ruth Ann Overbeck, who took a keen interest in the Naval Lodgersquos history and conducted oral history interviews with a number of its older members. Click here for a transcript of Scottrsquos tribute to Ruth Ann. A longtime resident of Capitol Hill, Scott has served as Regional Historian, National Capital Region, for the National Park Service since 1976. He has been a DC Mason since 1975 and served as Worshipful Master of the Naval Lodge in 1996. Dick Wolf Recounts the Battles of the Capitol Hill Restoration Society On March 2, 2010 the Overbeck history lecture series hosted Dick Wolf, past president of the Capitol Hill Restoration Society, as he recounted some of the organizationrsquos early battles to save our neighborhood from the bulldozer and wrecking ball. CHRS has been fighting the good fight for more than five decades and deserves much credit for the preservation of the Hillrsquos historic character. Wolf recalled, among other harrowing near-misses, an almost-approved plan in the 1960s that would have routed a freeway directly across Capitol Hill, in a giant trench between 9th and 11th Streets. He also described how local residents stopped the Baptist church at 6th and A Streets N. E. from wiping out an entire block of historic homes to create a Washington mega-headquarters. A longtime resident of the Hill, Wolf has been deeply engaged in land use and historic preservation efforts throughout our city for more than four decades, helping to establish the DC preservation law, the DC Comprehensive Plan, the Capitol Hill Historic District, and much more. He served as president of the Capitol Hill Restoration Society from 1977 to 1980 and again from 2005 to 2009. Mary Z. Gray Remembers Capitol Hill in the 1920s On the afternoon of November 8, 2009, the Naval Lodge Hall rang with laughter and delight as Washington writer Mary Z. Gray read excerpts from her forthcoming memoirs and answered questioned about growing up on Capitol Hill in the 1920s. Born Mary Zurhorst in 1919, Ms. Gray spent her childhood living above the Zurhorst funeral parlor at 301 East Capitol (which now houses offices of the Folger Shakespeare Library) among a quirky and memorable extended family that had inhabited the Hill for four generations. Her book vividly recalls a neighborhood served by gas lamps and trolley cars, iceman and ragman, produce peddler and the ldquoLavender Lady, rdquo while exploring a family mystery that took five decades to unravel. Grayrsquos long career as a reporter, writer and editor included service as a White House speech writer in the Kennedy and Johnson administrations and the frequent contribution of droll personal essays to the Washington Post and the New York Times, some of which appear in her 1984 book Ah, Bewilderness. Muddling Through Life With Mary Z. Gray . The Overbeck History Project takes special pride in this presentation, having actively encouraged Ms. Gray in the writing of her memoirs. Now being shopped to publishers, they offer a wonderful window on the life of our neighborhood in the early 20th century. Janke Profiles the Onetime Owner of Most of Capitol Hill On September 22, 2009, local historian Cindy Janke presented an excellent illustrated Overbeck Lecture on William Prout . the 18th century owner of the land that today comprises most of the Capitol Hill Historic District, a wedge of territory stretching from the Navy Yard waterfront to present-day Florida Avenue. Historical accounts of the Districtrsquos founding have tended to focus on Daniel Carroll, who provided the land for the U. S. Capitol, but Janke pointed out that the largely forgotten Prout played a bigger role than Carroll in the development of the Capitol Hill neighborhood. He was instrumental, for example, in persuading President Jefferson to authorize the creation of the original Eastern Market. This was Jankersquos third Overbeck lecture. She delivered an excellent one in 2006 on Capitol Hillrsquos 19th century breweries and another in 2007 on John Philip Sousarsquos years in our neighborhood. A former curator of the Kiplinger Washington Collection, she is a longtime explorer of the cityrsquos past and co-author, with Ruth Ann Overbeck, of a groundbreaking study of Prout. She serves now on the collections committee of the DC Historical Society and the steering committee of the Overbeck Project. She is also writing the caption material for a forthcoming pictorial book on ldquoWashington Past and Present. rdquo Hill Historians Describe Early Emancipation in DC On April 14, 2009, the Overbeck project continued its celebration of the Lincoln bicentennial with a lecture by Capitol Hill historians Robert S. Pohl and John R. Wennersten based on their new book Abraham Lincoln and the End of Slavery in the District of Columbia . an annotated collection of 19th century public documents, narratives and newspaper accounts that illuminate a little-known part of DC history. Emancipation in the District came on April 16, 1862, nine months prior to the general Emancipation Proclamation, with a special sweetener for local slave holders. They were paid for the loss of their property. In their presentation, Pohl and Wennersten gave special attention to events in our own neighborhood leading up to and ensuing from the early emancipation, including the erection of the Abraham Lincoln statue in Lincoln Park. Their book is published by Friends of the Southeast Library, with sales proceeds devoted to expansion of the libraryrsquos Capitol Hill history research room. Robert Pohl is an I. T. professional and architectural historian whose first book was a history of his own house on 11th Street Southeast. John Wennersten is a retired professor of history and government and the author of several books, including a history of the Anacostia River which served as the basis for his Overbeck Lecture in September 2007. Author Sheds New Light On the Lincoln Assassination On February 10, 2009, the Overbeck project marked the impending bicentennial of Abraham Lincolnrsquos birth with a lecture by DC historian Anthony Pitch based on his highly praised new book ldquoThey Have Killed Papa Deadrdquo: The Road to Fordrsquos Theatre, Abraham Lincolnrsquos Murder, and the Rage for Vengeance . Pitch recounted how, through nearly a decade of research, he was able to make a number of new discoveries about the Lincoln plot and its aftermath, including an attempt by John Wilkes Booth to accost Lincoln in the U. S. Capitol on the day of his second inauguration. The presentation was a return performance for Pitch. In 2003 (see below) he delivered a superb Overbeck lecture on the burning of Washington by the British in 1814, based on his book on that subject. The author of several other books as well, Pitch has worked as a journalist in England, Africa and Israel, as a broadcast editor for the Associated Press, and as a senior writer for US News and World Report rsquos books division. He is a highly sought-after public speaker and has been featured as a historical commentator on NPR, The History Channel and C-SPAN, among other media outlets. He also has developed a broad following as a director of historic tours in the Washington area, where he can be reached at dcsightseeing. Expert Animator quotVisualizesquot Early Washington On November 11, 2008, digital graphics expert Dan Bailey treated a capacity crowd at the Naval Lodge Hall to an engaging presentation of his 3-D animations of Washington, DC as it would have appeared around 1812, just before the British invasion. The Overbeck lecture audience included no fewer than eight of our previous speakers, and the event turned into a kind of seminar on the challenges of mapping and picturing the early city based on sketchy and often inaccurate contemporary depictions and eye-witness accounts. Bailey, who directs the Imaging Research Center at the University of Maryland, Baltimore County, created his quotbest guessquot glimpse of early Washington by collaborating with architectural historians, cartographers, engineers and ecologists familiar with the Districts history and early topography. Bailey has won numerous awards for his films and animations, which have been included in the permanent collections of the Museum of Modern Art in New York and the Georges Pompidou Center in Paris. A pilot of his visualization of early DC was exhibited at the Walters Art Museum in Baltimore in the spring of 2008, and it received extensive attention in a August 31, 2008 Washington Post Magazine article by our September speaker Scott W. Berg. Author Describes LEnfants Rocky Relationship With the City He Helped Create On September 9, 2008, our lecture audience got a compelling look at the French visionary who designed the original plan for Washington, DC. Local author Scott W. Berg described Pierre LEnfants critical role in the creation of the federal city, his stormy relationships with his patrons and overseers, and his fall into obscurity through most of the 19th century after others took over the execution of his ideas and significantly amended them. Berg is the author of an excellent LEnfant biography, Grand Avenues . which traces the Frenchmans artistic and professional roots in 18th century Paris, his service in the American Revolution under General George Washington, and his brief and troubled commission to create the basic layout of a new capital city. Among other insights, Berg offered a description of LEnfants plan to assign the squares and circles that appear at avenue intersections around the city as home bases for the individual states of the union. Berg teaches nonfiction writing and literature at George Mason and frequently contributes articles on historical subjects to the Washington Post. You can learn more about him and his book at scottwberg. Local Legend Extols Capitol Hill Row House Designs On April 8, 2008, historic restoration expert C. Dudley Brown delighted a capacity crowd at the Naval Lodge Hall on Pennsylvania Avenue with a pictorial presentation on the unique character and features of Capitol Hills historic row houses. A living legend in local historic preservation circles, Mr. Brown delivered trenchant commentary on the mistakes and misconceptions that have periodically threatened the neighborhoods historic housing stock . For decades Mr. Brown has been a tireless advocate for historic preservation in our neighborhood while heading one of the Washington areas oldest firms specializing in historic restoration and traditional interior design. C. Dudley Brown amp Associates has completed hundreds of projects for private residences, churches, clubs and public buildings and has won numerous awards and honors, including the DC Mayors Award for Excellence in Historic Preservation and the Designer of Distinction Award from the American Society of Interior Designers. For an interesting account of Mr. Browns career and his personal involvement in the community, read the transcript of our projects interview with him, recorded in 2002. John Vlach Returns to Discuss African American Housing A sizable crowd braved an ice storm on the evening of February 12, 2008, to hear noted folklife and architectural historian John M. Vlach share findings from his recent studies of 19th century African American housing in the District, with a special look at the alley dwellings of Capitol Hill. This was a return appearance for Vlach, who delivered an outstanding Overbeck lecture five years earlier on the landowners and residents of Capitol Hill at the time of the federal citys founding. (See the report on that April 2003 presentation below, along with a link to Vlachs article on the subject for the U. S. Capitol Historical Society.) A longtime Capitol Hill resident, Vlach is a professor of American studies and anthropology at George Washington University, where he has taught for 27 years. He has authored 10 books, including Back of the Big House and The Planters Prospect . and is the curator of an exhibition entitled quotLandscape of Slaveryquot at the Art Museum of the University of Virginia. He also serves on the DC Historic Preservation Review Board and is a valued adviser to the Overbeck Project, where he assists with the training of volunteers. Janke Delivers November 07 Lecture on Capitol Hills John Philip Sousa The Overbeck Project celebrated John Philip Sousas birthday on November 6, 2007, with a lecture by Capitol Hill historian Lucinda P. Janke . whose knowledge of this local hero and international celebrity ranges from his stellar achievements as a composer and band leader to the ingredients of his mothers spaghetti recipe. She presented a pictorial tour of Sousas several homes in the neighborhood and traced other aspects of his remarkable life. A former curator of the Kiplinger Washington Collection, Janke is a longtime explorer of the citys past and co-author, with Ruth Ann Overbeck, of a groundbreaking study of one of Capitol Hills founding landowners, William Prout. She serves now on the collections committee of the Historical Society of Washington and also on the Overbeck Projects steering committee. Wennersten Lecture Explores Our Neighborhoods River With a new baseball stadium and various waterfront development proposals focusing new attention on the river that partially bounds our neighborhood, Capitol Hill historian John R. Wennersten led off the Overbeck History Lecture season on September 11, 2007, with a look at the significance of the Anacostia to the city and the nation. Based on a forthcoming book, Wennerstens presentation explored the early days of capital-building, when the Anacostia figured largely in Pierre LEnfants vision of Washington as a political and commercial center, and the Civil War-era transformation of the waterway into an urban river and sewage conduit whose problems continued into the modern era. The river, he noted, became a metaphor for regional racial divisions that extended from slavery days through the public housing controversies and urban discontent of the twentieth century. A retired professor of history and government, Wennersten taught for 32 years on three campuses of the University of Maryland system, as well as in Hong Kong, Singapore and Japan. His earlier books include The Oyster Wars of Chesapeake Bay Maryland s Eastern Shore, a Journey in Time and Place and Chesapeake Bay , An Environmental Biography . April 10 Overbeck Lecture: Hollywood on the Potomac On April 10, 2007, Hill Rag film critic Michael Canning delivered an Overbeck History Lecture on the strange, ill-informed and occasionally accurate ways that Hollywood moviemakers have depicted Washington, DC. With clips from films spanning most of the twentieth century, Canning presented amusing examples of mangled geography and cultural tone-deafness, along with some notable cases where the filmmakers actually got it right, and featured a number of scenes shot on Capitol Hill. Canning has also left us his lecture notes. A longtime Hill resident, Canning worked for 28 years as a press and cultural officer for the U. S. Information Agency both in Washington and overseas, and began writing movie reviews for the Rag upon his retirement from the Foreign Service in 1993. Since 1999 he has also served as a programmer and commentator for the Capitol Hill Arts Workshops classic films series. In addition, he has published a number of articles on the treatment of Washington and the U. S. Congress in American feature films, including a paper delivered to the annual meeting of the American Political Science Association in 1997. Feldman Explores the Past and Future of the National Mall On the evening of February 27, 2007 , Judy Scott Feldman delivered an excellent illustrated lecture on how the National Mall has evolved from Pierre LEnfants original vision to its reality today and how it might look in the future. Ms. Feldman chairs the National Coalition to Save Our Mall, a nonprofit, all-volunteer citizens organization, and is a widely respected authority on issues surrounding the Malls further development. According to Feldman, LEnfant considered the Mall the most important element of his plan for the capital city, the nexus of federal and local life, but his concept was never really achieved. Feldman showed that the Malls history has been one of constant change, of LEnfants democratic idea ignored, deferred, replaced, and recast to suit changing needs, and she also raised some provocative questions about how the Mall might best meet the needs of the next hundred years. A native Washingtonian, Feldman earned B. A. and M. A. degrees in art history from Penn State University and a Ph. D. in art history from the University of Texas at Austin. After several years of teaching at the University of Dallas, she moved back to Washington in 1993 and taught medieval art history and Washington architecture at American University. She left AU in 1999 to devote herself to the work of the Coalition, educating the public about Mall history, current issues, and creative ideas for the Malls future. She also lectures frequently on art history and Washington topics for the Smithsonians Resident Associates program. You can learn more about her organization at savethemall. org. Wadsworth Marks Projects Five-Year Anniversary With Memories of Capitol Hill in the 1920s and 30s In observation of the five-year anniversary of our oral history project, our Overbeck History Lecture on November 14, 2006, took the form of a staged interview with one of our more remarkable interviewees, Margaret Wadsworth, who delighted her audience with recollections of Capitol Hill in the 1920s and 30s. The dialogue was conducted by Beth Eck, who interviewed Mrs. Wadsworth for our project in April 2005, and was accompanied by projected scenes of the neighborhood as it appeared in Mrs. Wadsworths childhood and as it appears today. Born Margaret Fleming in 1920, Mrs. Wadsworth spent her childhood in her familys home in the 500 block of 8th Street S. E. in the heart of the Barracks Row business corridor, and later on Bay Street S. E. She attended the Holy Comforter elementary school, graduated from Eastern High School, and made an early attempt at a singing career, auditioning for band leader Bob Crosby and performing briefly on Arthur Godfreys radio show. She and her late husband raised their family in the neighborhood, but moved to Arlington after the 1968 riots. She worked for many years at the Naval Historical Center at the Washington Navy Yard and also at the Smithsonian. She serves now as a volunteer teachers aide, reading to children at Glen Forest Elementary in Fairfax. Ackerman Recounts the History of Eastern Market The Overbeck History Lectures launched a new season on the evening of September 19, 2006, with Capitol Hill author Stephen J. Ackerman presenting an illustrated history of Eastern Market. The lecture was based on Ackermans forthcoming book on the subject and coincided with the 200th anniversary of the markets founding at its original site near 6th and L Streets S. E. Publication of the book is being supported by the Overbeck Project. Ackerman disclosed a wealth of detail from the markets improbable history, including the period when the buildings north hall served as a stable for the firehouse next door and another when the basement served as a rifle range. A Capitol Hill native and sixth-generation Washingtonian, Ackerman has pursued a varied career, moving from college English teacher to congressional aide to federal civil servant, and has worked for the past twenty years as a free lance writer. His highly readable historical articles have appeared in American Heritage, Smithsonian, Preservation, American History, Washington Post Magazine and many other publications. He can be reached at sjasjackerman The Navys Top Historian Gives History of the Navy Yard A near-capacity crowd gathered at the Naval Lodge meeting hall on April 11, 2006, for an illustrated history of the Washington Navy Yard, presented by the U. S. Naval Historical Centers lead historian, Edward J. Marolda . Few people today are aware of how great a role the Navy Yard has played in the life and development of Capitol Hill. The walled facility at the foot of 8th Street was once the biggest builder of Navy ships in the country, and then became the biggest manufacturer of munitions. For roughly 150 years it was our neighborhoods largest employer and a much more significant driver of the communitys growth than Congress and the Capitol. Dr. Marolda is the author and editor of several books on U. S. Navy history and traditions, including The Washington Navy Yard: An Illustrated History . which is generally available for purchase at the gift shop of the Navy Yard museum. Janke Depicts quotThe Breweries of Capitol Hillquot On February 7, Capitol Hill historian Lucinda Janke treated a capacity crowd at the Naval Lodge meeting hall to a charming look at the breweries that thrived in our neighborhood in the days before Prohibition. Although hardly a trace of them remains today, in the late 19th century the Hill boasted two of Washingtons largest breweries, one in the block where Stuart Hobson Junior High stands today, the other at the site of the present-day 14th Street Safeway. The latter facility, which operated under various names and owners and had a beer garden that seated more than a thousand customers, greeted Prohibition by successfully converting to the manufacture of ice cream. Ms. Janke showed an array of photos and other brewery memorabilia, and introduced about a dozen members of the audience who are direct descendents of Washingtons 19th century brewers, most of whom were German immigrants. A former curator of the Kiplinger Washington Collection and board member of the DC Historical Society, Ms. Janke is a longtime explorer of the citys past and co-author, with Ruth Ann Overbeck, of a groundbreaking study of one of Capitol Hills founding landowners, William Prout . She also serves on the steering committee of the Overbeck Project. Smithsonian Curator Salutes quotThe Instrument Makers of Capitol Hillquot On November 15, 2005. Deborah J. Warner of the Smithsonians National Museum of American History delivered an interesting talk on a group of Capitol Hill residents who contributed greatly to the advancement of American science, surveying and geodesy. In the 19th century, Warner noted, a number of scientific instrument makers lived and worked in this neighborhood, supplying the needs of the US Coast and Geodetic Survey and a variety of other government and private clients. These highly skilled craftsmen, most of them German immigrants, turned out telescopes, surveyors transits, heliostats and other precision devices that were needed for mapping, astronomy and other scientific pursuits. Among the craftsmen featured in the talk was Edward Kbel, whose workshop in the three hundred block of First Street N. E. produced the heliostat that Albert Michelson used for measuring the speed of light. Warner is curator of the History Museum s Physical Sciences Collection, which includes a number of instruments that were made by Kbel and other Hill manufacturers. The collection can be browsed at americanhistory2.si. educollectionssurveying. September Lecture Profiles quotThe Communist Who Designed Eastern Marketquot The 2005-06 season of Overbeck History Lectures opened on the evening of September 13 with a charming look at Adolf Cluss, the visionary Navy Yard engineer and architect who designed Eastern Market and many other 19th century Washington landmarks. Joseph L. Browne . director of a new Cluss exhibition at the Sumner School Museum, delivered the lecture to a near-capacity crowd at the Naval Lodge Hall on Pennsylvania Avenue. A friend and follower of Karl Marx in his native Germany, Adolf Cluss arrived on Capitol Hill in 1849 with grand ideas for reforming society and becoming a major architect. He eventually cooled on Communism, but succeeded spectacularly as a designer of some of Washingtons most distinctive buildings, including the Smithsonians Arts and Industries building and Wallach School, which stood where Hine Junior High stands today. Working with Alexander Boss Shepherd and others, he played a major role in changing the face of Washington in the latter half of the 19th century. Our speaker, Joseph Browne, earned a Ph. D. in American Studies at the University of Maryland and taught history for thirty years at schools in the U. S. Germany, England and Italy. Hes the author of a Maryland regional history, Sotweed to Suburbia . and co-author of the Cluss exhibition book. You can learn more about Cluss at the exhibitions web site: adolf-cluss. org. Authors Recall the 1932 quotBonus Armyquot At our Overbeck History Lecture on April12, 2005, Washington writers Paul Dickson and Thomas B. Allen vividly described how tens of thousands of impoverished World War I veterans descended upon Washington in 1932 to seek payment of a bonus (basically one dollar per day of service) that Congress had promised them but had put off paying until 1945. These Bonus Army petitioners camped for months in tents and shacks along the Anacostia River and in empty buildings elsewhere around the city, only to be forcibly evicted eventually by the very Army in which most of them had served. Dickson and Allen explained how the men ultimately won their bonus and instilled in their country a new sense of obligation to military veterans, which led to passage of the GI Bill in World War II. Dickson and Allen are co-authors of the highly praised The Bonus Army: An American Epic . and are collaborating on a documentary film on the Bonus Marchers for public television. Allen is a longtime contributor to National Geographic and the author of numerous books and articles on U. S. and military history. Dickson is a contributing editor to Washingtonian magazine and a consulting editor at Merriam-Webster, Inc. You can learn more about these writers at tballen and pauldicksonbooks Rogers Recalls Washingtons Railways and the Rise of Union Station A capacity crowd gathered at the Naval Lodge Hall on the evening of February 15, 2005 to hear Lee H. Rogers give us a fascinating history of Washingtons railroad service and the creation of Union Station. Prior to the consolidation of routes that occurred with Union Stations construction at the beginning of the 20th century, Rogers noted, DC residents had to choose from as many as eight different railway stations within the city, depending on which line they wanted to ride and where they wanted to go. (Rogers showed slides of these stations and the trains they served, drawing in part on the extensive photo archive of DC historian Robert A. Truax.) An international transportation planner and economist, Rogers has worked on transport projects in fourteen countries while also pursuing a decades-long interest in the history of Washington, where he has lived since 1953. He frequently gives lectures and slide presentations on Washingtons streetcars, canals, bridges and other transportation infrastructure. Hes a founding member of the Washington Streetcar Museum and the Baltimore Streetcar Museum, and has researched the histories of District neighborhoods on 14th Street N. W. and H Street N. E. Rogers is a graduate of American University and a member of the U. S. Transportation Research Board. Rimensnyder Asks for New Respect for Washingtons Boss Shepherd At our Overbeck History Lecture on the evening of November 9, 2005, Capitol Hill historian Nelson Rimensnyder offered a compelling portrait of the legendary 19th century territorial governor who turned Washington, DC into a modern city. Alexander R. Shepherd was an unjustly maligned civic leader, Rimensnyder contended, whose statue should be restored to its previous place of honor in front of the District building on Pennsylvania Avenue. The statue was, in fact, returned to the site in January 2005 due to Rimensnyders efforts and other public pressure . As Rimensnyder noted, as late as 1870 Washington remained an embarrassing backwater marked by mud streets, open sewers and wandering livestock, lending credibility to the serious movement then underway to have the national capital moved to St. Louis. More than any other individual, Alexander Shepherd changed all that, with a massive effort to grade and pave the streets, improve the parks, and install new lighting, water and sanitation systems. But by plunging forward with this effort without the expected level of financial support from Congress, he also left the city bankrupt and incurred the derision of partisan press lords, who dubbed him Boss Shepherd. Rimensnyder says it was grossly unfair to lump Shepherd with the likes of New Yorks Boss Tweed, and notes that this urban visionary also worked to change the social landscape as an outspoken supporter of womens suffrage and racial equality. Rimensnyder has been a student of DC history and a champion of DC home rule since his high school days in Pennsylvania, where he lobbied his state legislators to approve the 23rd Amendment to the Constitution giving District residents the right to vote for President. Later, working at the Library of Congress (1970-1975) and then as director of research for the U. S. House Committee on the District of Columbia (1975-1992), he compiled what he describes as the only existing comprehensive archive on the history of the complex DC-Federal relationship. He has been intensively involved in local historic preservation efforts and has served on the boards of the Historical Society of Washington, DC and the Association of the Oldest Inhabitants of the District of Columbia. Brad Snyder Opens Our 2004-05 Season With Washingtons Homestead Grays and the Integration of Baseball Award-winning sports reporter and author Brad Snyder led off the Overbeck Projects 2004-05 lecture season on September 14 with a look at professional baseball in Washington in the 1940s. In those years the citys fans could choose between the Washington Senators, who hovered near the bottom of the segregated major leagues, and the Homestead Grays, one of the greatest teams in the history of the Negro Leagues, with legendary sluggers Josh Gibson and Buck Leonard, among others. Snyder described how the contrast between the two teams, and the dogged advocacy of local sports reporter Sam Lacy, made Washington, D. C. a focal point in the campaign to integrate major league baseball well before the Brooklyn Dodgers broke the color barrier with the signing of Jackie Robinson. Brad Snyder is author of the widely acclaimed Beyond the Shadow of the Senators: The Untold Story of the Homestead Grays and the Integration of Baseball (Contemporary Books, 2003). The New York Times Book Review called it a rich panorama of Washington as it evolved from a Southern provincial town to a large city with a black majority Snyders book is not just the history of a team but the tale of one city in all its social complexity. You can find out more about the book at beyondtheshadow. In the early 1990s, Snyder was a reporter for the Baltimore Sun . where he covered the Orioles and also Baltimore city crime and Capitol Hill. He left the Sun to earn a law degree at Yale and later practiced briefly with Williams and Connolly LLP, but he has since returned full-time to his first love writing about the business and sociology of sports. Tom Kelly Recalls Capitol Hill in the Jazz Age and the Great Depression The 2003-04 season of the Overbeck History Lectures concluded on the evening of April 13 with a charming look at life on Capitol Hill during the 1920s and 30s. Hill native and longtime journalist Tom Kelly offered vivid memories of his childhood here in the Jazz Age and the Great Depression. His descriptions were mainly excerpts from the early chapters of his memoirs a work in progress. Mr. Kelly grew up on the 400 block of Constitution Avenue N. E. (then known as B Street), where he and his wife Marguerite later raised their family and still reside today. He was recently interviewed for the Overbeck project by one of our volunteers, Andrea Kerr, and the transcript of that exchange will be posted soon on our Interviewees page. Tom Kellys first newspaper job was as a copy boy at the Washington Post in 1939. After serving in the Navy during World War II, graduating from Penn State, and reporting for two papers in Louisiana, he covered the White House during the Truman, Eisenhower and Kennedy administrations for the old Washington Daily News. He later served in the federal Office for Economic Opportunity and as Director of National Affairs for the newly formed VISTA program. From 1970 to 1986 he free lanced, and then worked part time for the Washington Times until 1993, when he retired at age 70. Potter Describes Our Predecessors on the Potomac On the evening of February 10, 2004, a capacity crowd at the Naval Lodge Hall on Pennsylvania Avenue S. E. heard a fascinating account of the Native Americans who populated the Washington area prior to European contact. National Park Service archeologist Stephen R. Potter presented a lecture called Contested Ground: Aboriginal America and the Potomac Frontier, A. D. 700 to 1676. The area where we live today, Potter showed, was highly prized and fought over by a variety of bands of Algonquian-speaking peoples, whose alliances and trade relationships stretched from the Virginia Capes to the Great Lakes and southern Ontario. Dr. Potters observations were based in part on recent archeological discoveries within the District of Columbia and were accompanied by slides of old maps, illustrations and unearthed artifacts. (Some of the information presented in his lecture is available at nps. govrap. Click on Exhibits, then Prehistoric Landscapes of the Nations Capital .) Dr. Potter, who serves as head archeologist for the National Capital Region of the National Park Service, has a Ph. D. in anthropology from the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, and has written and lectured widely on the prehistoric and historic archeology of the eastern United States, the 17th century Chesapeake frontier, the southern Algonquian Indians, and the archeology and history of the American Civil War. C. R. Gibbs Tells of DCs Black Civil War Regiment On November 18, 2003, our Overbeck lecture audience heard Capitol Hill historian C. R. Gibbs deliver a moving presentation on the First Regiment, U. S. Colored Troops, the black Civil War regiment that was recruited and trained in Washington, D. C. In the spring of 1863, Israel Bethel AME Church, which stood approximately where the Rayburn House Office Building stands today, became the main recruiting station for this brave collection of fugitive slaves and freedmen from throughout the region who volunteered to fight for the Union cause. Mr. Gibbs is the author of five books on African American history, including the recently published Black, Copper amp Bright: The District of Columbia s Black Civil War Regiment . He has also written for dozens of newspapers and magazines, lectured at schools and universities throughout the Washington region and beyond, and mounted a variety of historical exhibits for museums and other organizations. His expert guidance has been sought in connection with a variety of video and television productions, and his anecdotal history tours for the Smithsonian Associates and other groups are among the best in the city. Copies of Black, Copper amp Bright and other books by Mr. Gibbs were available for purchase and author signature at the end of the lecture. Anthony Pitch Describes the 1814 Burning of Washington The 2003-04 season of of Overbeck History Lectures got off to a dramatic start on Tuesday evening, September 16, as the highly regarded author and lecturer Anthony S. Pitch told the gripping story of the British capture of Washington, DC in the summer of 1814, with a special focus on events on Capitol Hill. The burning of the Capitol, the White House and most other government buildings in the District brought our new country precariously close to extinction and of course were devastating blows to this fledgling community. The lecture was held, as usual, in the visually striking Egyptian Revival style meeting hall of the Naval Lodge building at 330 Pennsylvania Avenue S. E. Anthony Pitch is the author of The Burning of Washington : The British Invasion of 1814, along with numerous other books and publications, and is noted for his excellent anecdotal history tours for the Smithsonian Resident Associates and other organizations. He has worked as a journalist in England, Africa and Israel, served as senior writer in the books division of U. S. News amp World Report, and is now at work on a new history of the Lincoln assassination. He can be reached at dcsightseeing. I thought this evening we would concentrate on my fathers ancestors in Washington. My mother was a Stoutenbourgh. Her family dates back to the 1200s when the Stoutenbourgh dynasty was a royal family in Holland. This is the story of two incredibly productive and successful Washingtonians of German descent who came to Washington after the Civil War. Their collective energy and business acumen substantially shaped our great city, as we know it today. Albert Carry was a self made man, a prominent Washington brewer, real estate investor, banker and philanthropist. Mr. Carry hired Clement August Didden, a prominent Washington Architect to design buildings to their highest and best use on corners all over downtown to house National Capital Brewing Co. s many wholly owned pubs. The building in which we celebrate Washington s history tonight is testament to the profitability of a pint of liquid bread at the turn of the century. On May 24, 1905 (exactly 95 years ago today), the Brewers oldest daughter Marie married the Architects oldest son, George. These were our paternal grandparents. April 8 Overbeck History Lecture Looks At Capitol Hill Before LEnfant At our Overbeck History Lecture on April 8, 2003, noted author, GWU professor and longtime Hill resident John M. Vlach took a spellbound audience back to Capitol Hill Before LEnfant to the woods, streams and plantations that were here before the grand design for a federal city was superimposed. Vlach treated a capacity crowd at the Naval Lodge Hall to a pictorial tour of the Hills perimeter, where most of the 18th century landowners had their homes, slave quarters and tobacco barns. Click here for the text of Vlachs lecture, along with the many maps and slides that he showed. Also, check out the very interesting article Vlach wrote for a recent issue of the newsletter of the U. S. Capitol Historical Society. In it he thoroughly debunks the oft-repeated claim that Capitol Hill was once known as Jenkins Hill Vlach is a professor of Anthropology and American Studies at George Washington University and the author of ten books, including Charleston Blacksmith, The Afro-American Tradition in Decorative Arts, Folk Art and Art Worlds . and Back of the Big House: The Architecture of Plantation Slavery . He also has curated a number of exhibitions for the Smithsonians Museum of American History and other institutions around the country and has generously assisted the Overbeck Project as a conceptual adviser and as a trainer of our volunteers. February History Lecture Explores quotOur Neighborhoods Riverquot At our Overbeck History Lecture on February 11, 2003, Don Hawkins described for a capacity crowd at the Naval Lodge hall how our neighborhoods river, the Anacostia, has shaped our community and been shaped by it. Few people today are aware that Washingtons founders sited the federal city in this particular place along the Potomac not so much because of what the Potomac had to offer but because of its Anacostia tributary. It was the Anacostia that had the best harbor, and it provided passage for ocean-going ships, in those days, all the way up to Bladensburg. Since then, of course, the river has silted in from agricultural runoff and suffered other serious degradation. To find out more about the rivers ecology and what can be done to clean it up, go to cbf. organacostia. Don Hawkins is an architect by profession, but hes probably better known locally for his avocation as a historian of early Washington and its topography. Hes drawn and published dozens of maps and illustrations showing how our area looked to early European settlers and how it evolved over the years. His many other research projects include a reconstruction of William Thorntons lost design for the U. S. Capitol, which is on display today in the crypt under the Capitols rotunda. Hawkins grew up in Arlington, and studied architecture at the Architectural Association in London, the Carnegie Institute of Technology in Pittsburgh, and Catholic University, where he also received a masters degree in urban design. Hes a frequent lecturer on D. C. history at the Smithsonian, at local historical societies, and at most of our areas universities. Sam and Kathy Smith Spark Memories of the 60s On the evening of November 12, 2002, husband-and-wife team Sam Smith and Kathryn Schneider Smith presented one of our most successful Overbeck History Lectures yet, a very entertaining and informative look at Capitol Hill in the turbulent 1960s. Sam and Kathy were prominent activists here in those days, and their lecture quotCauldron and Community: Joining the Hill in the 1960squot looked back on a decade when Congress grappled with civil rights and the war on poverty while people living in the shadow of the dome struggled to save a neighborhood hit hard by neglect, misguided development, and middle class flight to the suburbs. If you missed the event, click below for a full transcript of their remarks. Kathy gives a great description of her involvement with Friendship House and other community efforts. And Sam, who was founder and editor of the Capitol East Gazette, gives a very colorful view of a community awakening to change, culminating in a gripping account of the 1968 riots. Kathy today is executive director of the D. C. Heritage Tourism Coalition, which she helped start five years ago to bring more of Washingtons visitors into the citys downtown and residential areas. Shes the author and editor of a number of books on the history of our city, including Washington at Home: Neighborhoods in the Nations Capital, and is the founding editor of Washington History, the journal of the Historical Society of Washington, D. C. which she also served as president. Sam, who helped to found the D. C. Statehood Party and the national Green Party, today is editor of The Progressive Review and a prominent critic and commentator on D. C. life and politics. The first of his four books, Captive Capital, which he wrote in 1974, is still one of the basic books about Washington. To read Kathy Smiths lecture Click Here To read Sam Smiths Lecture Click Here September Lecture Looks At Civil War Capitol Hill Our Ruth Ann Overbeck History Lecture Series began its new season on the evening of September 10, 2002, with a fascinating look at life in our neighborhood during the Civil War. A capacity crowd at the Naval Lodge Hall was held spellbound by American University professor and Civil War authority Edward C. Smith as he described how the conflict to preserve the Union profoundly altered the life of our community. Among other things, he pointed out, the Navy Yard down at the foot of 8th Street brought in hundreds of new workers to service the ships and churn out munitions for the war effort. A neighborhood church became a recruiting station for U. S. Colored Troop 1. And on the site of present-day Lincoln Park, the largest hospital in the city sprang up, treating thousands of wounded soldiers. Professor Smith is a third-generation Washingtonian and the Director of American Studies at AU, where hes taught since 1969. Hes also achieved a wide following as a Civil War, African-American cultural heritage and art history lecturer and study tour leader for the Smithsonian Institution, the National Geographic Society, the National Park Service and the D. C. Historical Society. April 2002 Lecture Explores Freemasonry on the Hill Another capacity crowd gathered at the Naval Lodge hall at 4th and Pennsylvania on the evening of April 9, 2002, to hear Barbara Franco deliver the second in our series of Ruth Ann Overbeck History Lectures - a fascinating look at the role of Freemasons in our neighborhoods history. Franco, who became an expert on Freemasonry and other fraternal organizations in American history while serving at the Museum of Our National Heritage in Lexington, Massachusetts, spoke in some detail about the history of the Naval Lodge itself, and used the halls elaborate interior to illustrate Freemasonrys symbols and beliefs. Naval Lodge 4, which was founded in 1805 by officers and workers at the Navy Yard, has played a major role in the social and economic life of Capitol Hill. As president of the Historical Society of Washington, D. C. Franco also provided an update on the societys plans for the new D. C. history museum, which is scheduled to open on Mount Vernon Square in 2003. New Lecture Series Is a Hit An enthusiastic, capacity crowd gathered at the Naval Lodge Hall on Pennsylvania Avenue on the evening of February 5, 2002, to hear Edmund and Sylvia Morris deliver the first of our Overbeck History Lectures, a fascinating presentation on quotWashington in the time of Theodore Roosevelt. quot Edmund Morris is the author of The Rise of Theodore Roosevelt . which won the Pulitzer Prize, and its widely praised sequel, Theodore Rex . His wife Sylvia Jukes Morris wrote the highly regarded biography of TRs wife, Edith Kermit Roosevelt: Portrait of a First Lady . The Morrises also are our Capitol Hill neighbors. All of our lectures are held at the Naval Lodge Hall at 330 Pennsylvania Avenue S. E. This intact 1895 Masonic temple, decorated in the Egyptian Revival style, is one of our neighborhoods architectural treasures. Our thanks to the Lodge, and to all our volunteers who helped make our first lecture a great success. Kiplinger Backs Our Lecture Series In December 2001, the Overbeck Project received a generous grant from the Kiplinger Foundation to support our new lecture series on Washington, D. C. history. The Overbeck Lectures began on February 5, 2002, with a presentation by Edmund and Sylvia Morris on quotTheodore Roosevelts Washington. quot The Ruth Ann Overbeck Capitol Hill History Project, Washington, D. C.
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